kazakhstan tourism arrivals

International tourism, number of arrivals - Kazakhstan

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Kazakhstan's Arrivals To Expand Over 2024, Building On A Full Rebound In 2023

Tourism / Kazakhstan / Mon 20 May, 2024

Key View: We project arrivals to Kazakhstan to increase over 2024, following a full recovery to pre-pandemic (2019) levels in 2023. Over the medium term (2024-2028), we forecast Kazakhstan’s arrivals to continue to expand with growth driven by key source markets in the Central Asia region and supported by Kazakh Tourism’s increased marketing efforts. 

Over 2024, we forecast Kazakhstan’s total tourist arrivals to grow by 17.5% y-o-y to 10.8mn, with arrivals building on a full recovery in 2023. The data published by Kazakhstan’s Bureau of National Statistics indicates that arrivals reached 9.2mn in 2023, which is 108.1% of the 2019 level (8.5mn arrivals). Kazakhstan’s arrivals are now on a new growth trajectory having exceeded the previous historic high in 2019.  The growth in Kazakhstan’s arrivals will be driven by key source markets such as Russia, Mainland China, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turkiye.

Kazakhstan’s arrivals began to recover in 2022 as they grew by 255.5% y-o-y to 4.7mm following the easing of Covid-19 related travel restrictions. This followed a 34.6% y-o-y contraction to 1.3mn arrivals in 2021. The shuttering of international borders in 2020 in response to the Covid-19 pandemic resulted in Kazakhstan’s arrivals contracting by 76.1% y-o-y to 2.0mn in 2020, dropping from the 8.5mn arrivals in 2019.  

Strong Arrivals Levels Projected Over The Medium Term

Kazakhstan - total tourist arrivals (2014-2028).

Kazakhstan’s arrivals will continue to increase over the remainder of our medium-term forecast period (2024-2028). By 2028, we forecast Kazakhstan to have 13.2mn arrivals which is an average annual growth rate of 7.6% y-o-y over 2024-2028.

Tourists visit Kazakhstan to experience the country’s culture, food and drink and nature. The country’s key tourist attractions include its mountain ranges, lakes, the Charyn Canyon. Travellers can also experience outdoor activities such as skiing and hiking. Kazakh Tourism is increasing its marketing efforts to promote the country as a tourist destination for international travellers to support the growth of the tourism sector. In February 2024, Kazakh Tourism launched its first international office in New Delhi, India which is responsible for attracting tourists from India to Kazakhstan. Kazakh Tourism plans to tap into the growing Indian outbound market in 2024 and over the coming years. We have previously highlighted that India is an outbound tourism market to watch as we expect it to become a key source of arrivals for many markets globally .   

This commentary is published by BMI, a Fitch Solutions company, and is not a comment on Fitch Ratings Credit Ratings. Any comments or data included in the report are solely derived from BMI and independent sources. Fitch Ratings analysts do not share data or information with BMI. Copyright © 2023 Fitch Solutions Group Limited. All rights reserved. 30 North Colonnade, London E14 5GN, UK.

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Kazakhstan reveals list of tourist arrivals in 2023

According to the ministry's press service, Türkiye tops the list of international tourist arrivals in Kazakhstan from far abroad with almost 2.5 thousand tourists. It is followed by Germany (around 1.4 thou arrivals), the U.S. (around 1.4 thou), and the UK (nearly 1.2 thou).

As for near abroad countries, over 58.2 thousand tourists from Russia, above 11.2 thousand from Uzbekistan, and around three thousand from Kyrgyzstan have visited Kazakhstan since the start of 2023. The country has also received over 2.3 thousand visitors from China, and up to 2.3 thousand from Tajikistan.

There has been an upward trend in the number of arrivals from India as the figure has closed in on 3,000.

Almaty city appears to be the top destination for foreign tourists with around 40 thousand international arrivals. The Kazakh capital of Astana has welcomed over 22 thousand tourists, Aktobe region - 4,733, Atyrau region - 4,212, Mangistau region - 3,023, West Kazakhstan region - 2,778, Pavlodar region - 2,719, North Kazakhstan region - 2,651, Shymkent city - 2,586, and Karaganda region 2,573.

Kazakhstan - International tourism

International tourism, number of arrivals.

The value for International tourism, number of arrivals in Kazakhstan was 2,035,000 as of 2020. As the graph below shows, over the past 24 years this indicator reached a maximum value of 8,789,000 in 2018 and a minimum value of 202,000 in 1996.

Definition: International inbound tourists (overnight visitors) are the number of tourists who travel to a country other than that in which they have their usual residence, but outside their usual environment, for a period not exceeding 12 months and whose main purpose in visiting is other than an activity remunerated from within the country visited. When data on number of tourists are not available, the number of visitors, which includes tourists, same-day visitors, cruise passengers, and crew members, is shown instead. Sources and collection methods for arrivals differ across countries. In some cases data are from border statistics (police, immigration, and the like) and supplemented by border surveys. In other cases data are from tourism accommodation establishments. For some countries number of arrivals is limited to arrivals by air and for others to arrivals staying in hotels. Some countries include arrivals of nationals residing abroad while others do not. Caution should thus be used in comparing arrivals across countries. The data on inbound tourists refer to the number of arrivals, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips to a country during a given period is counted each time as a new arrival.

Source: World Tourism Organization, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Compendium of Tourism Statistics and data files.

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International tourism, number of departures

The value for International tourism, number of departures in Kazakhstan was 2,865,000 as of 2020. As the graph below shows, over the past 14 years this indicator reached a maximum value of 11,303,000 in 2015 and a minimum value of 2,865,000 in 2020.

Definition: International outbound tourists are the number of departures that people make from their country of usual residence to any other country for any purpose other than a remunerated activity in the country visited. The data on outbound tourists refer to the number of departures, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips from a country during a given period is counted each time as a new departure.

International tourism, receipts (current US$)

The latest value for International tourism, receipts (current US$) in Kazakhstan was $589,000,000 as of 2020. Over the past 25 years, the value for this indicator has fluctuated between $2,922,000,000 in 2019 and $155,000,000 in 1995.

Definition: International tourism receipts are expenditures by international inbound visitors, including payments to national carriers for international transport. These receipts include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except when these are important enough to justify separate classification. For some countries they do not include receipts for passenger transport items. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

International tourism, receipts (% of total exports)

International tourism, receipts (% of total exports) in Kazakhstan was 1.13 as of 2020. Its highest value over the past 25 years was 6.70 in 1998, while its lowest value was 1.13 in 2020.

Definition: International tourism receipts are expenditures by international inbound visitors, including payments to national carriers for international transport. These receipts include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except when these are important enough to justify separate classification. For some countries they do not include receipts for passenger transport items. Their share in exports is calculated as a ratio to exports of goods and services, which comprise all transactions between residents of a country and the rest of the world involving a change of ownership from residents to nonresidents of general merchandise, goods sent for processing and repairs, nonmonetary gold, and services.

Source: World Tourism Organization, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Compendium of Tourism Statistics and data files, and IMF and World Bank exports estimates.

International tourism, receipts for passenger transport items (current US$)

The latest value for International tourism, receipts for passenger transport items (current US$) in Kazakhstan was $130,000,000 as of 2020. Over the past 25 years, the value for this indicator has fluctuated between $459,000,000 in 2019 and $31,000,000 in 1999.

Definition: International tourism receipts for passenger transport items are expenditures by international inbound visitors for all services provided in the international transportation by resident carriers. Also included are passenger services performed within an economy by nonresident carriers. Excluded are passenger services provided to nonresidents by resident carriers within the resident economies; these are included in travel items. In addition to the services covered by passenger fares--including fares that are a part of package tours but excluding cruise fares, which are included in travel--passenger services include such items as charges for excess baggage, vehicles, or other personal accompanying effects and expenditures for food, drink, or other items for which passengers make expenditures while on board carriers. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

International tourism, expenditures for passenger transport items (current US$)

The latest value for International tourism, expenditures for passenger transport items (current US$) in Kazakhstan was $35,000,000 as of 2020. Over the past 25 years, the value for this indicator has fluctuated between $337,000,000 in 2012 and $13,000,000 in 1995.

Definition: International tourism expenditures for passenger transport items are expenditures of international outbound visitors in other countries for all services provided during international transportation by nonresident carriers. Also included are passenger services performed within an economy by nonresident carriers. Excluded are passenger services provided to nonresidents by resident carriers within the resident economies; these are included in travel items. In addition to the services covered by passenger fares--including fares that are a part of package tours but excluding cruise fares, which are included in travel--passenger services include such items as charges for excess baggage, vehicles, or other personal accompanying effects and expenditures for food, drink, or other items for which passengers make expenditures while on board carriers. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

International tourism, receipts for travel items (current US$)

The latest value for International tourism, receipts for travel items (current US$) in Kazakhstan was $459,000,000 as of 2020. Over the past 25 years, the value for this indicator has fluctuated between $2,463,000,000 in 2019 and $122,000,000 in 1995.

Definition: International tourism receipts for travel items are expenditures by international inbound visitors in the reporting economy. The goods and services are purchased by, or on behalf of, the traveler or provided, without a quid pro quo, for the traveler to use or give away. These receipts should include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Excluded is the international carriage of travelers, which is covered in passenger travel items. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

International tourism, expenditures for travel items (current US$)

The latest value for International tourism, expenditures for travel items (current US$) in Kazakhstan was $826,000,000 as of 2020. Over the past 25 years, the value for this indicator has fluctuated between $3,515,000,000 in 2014 and $283,000,000 in 1995.

Definition: International tourism expenditures are expenditures of international outbound visitors in other countries. The goods and services are purchased by, or on behalf of, the traveler or provided, without a quid pro quo, for the traveler to use or give away. These may include expenditures by residents traveling abroad as same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Excluded is the international carriage of travelers, which is covered in passenger travel items. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

International tourism, expenditures (current US$)

The latest value for International tourism, expenditures (current US$) in Kazakhstan was $861,000,000 as of 2020. Over the past 25 years, the value for this indicator has fluctuated between $3,772,000,000 in 2013 and $296,000,000 in 1995.

Definition: International tourism expenditures are expenditures of international outbound visitors in other countries, including payments to foreign carriers for international transport. These expenditures may include those by residents traveling abroad as same-day visitors, except in cases where these are important enough to justify separate classification. For some countries they do not include expenditures for passenger transport items. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

International tourism, expenditures (% of total imports)

International tourism, expenditures (% of total imports) in Kazakhstan was 1.91 as of 2020. Its highest value over the past 25 years was 7.45 in 2002, while its lowest value was 1.91 in 2020.

Definition: International tourism expenditures are expenditures of international outbound visitors in other countries, including payments to foreign carriers for international transport. These expenditures may include those by residents traveling abroad as same-day visitors, except in cases where these are important enough to justify separate classification. For some countries they do not include expenditures for passenger transport items. Their share in imports is calculated as a ratio to imports of goods and services, which comprise all transactions between residents of a country and the rest of the world involving a change of ownership from nonresidents to residents of general merchandise, goods sent for processing and repairs, nonmonetary gold, and services.

Source: World Tourism Organization, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Compendium of Tourism Statistics and data files, and IMF and World Bank imports estimates.

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Tourism in Kazakhstan

Development of the tourism sector in kazakhstan from 1996 to 2020.

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Top 5 Foreign Tourist Arrivals in Kazakhstan in 2023

Over nine months of 2023, 834.9 thousand tourists visited the country

By QazMonitor

According to the Bureau of National Statistics, 834.9 thousand foreign tourists visited Kazakhstan between January and September 2023. This marks an increase of 225 thousand compared to the same period in 2022, QazMonitor reports citing the Ministry of Tourism and Sports.

This growth represents a 37% rise compared to the same period in the previous year when 609.8 thousand foreigners visited the country.

Statistics indicate a consistent expansion in the geographical diversity of foreign tourists visiting Kazakhstan each year. Beyond neighboring countries, travelers from distant nations have begun exploring the beauty of Kazakhstan. Here, we present the top 5 countries by the number of tourists who visited the country from January to September 2023.

During the first 9 months of 2023, the highest number of visitors came from the Russian Federation, with 356,850 holiday-makers exploring Kazakhstan. Chinese tourists secured the second spot, with 75,131 visitors, followed by tourists from Turkiye, totaling 41,134. The top five also included travelers from India (34,757) and the United States (28,160).

"We observe a consistent increase in the interest of foreign tourists in Kazakhstan each year. In 2022, over 900 thousand foreigners arrived in the country, and in the first 9 months of last year, we welcomed over 800 thousand foreign visitors. We anticipate this figure to be even higher this year. The country's breathtaking landscapes and natural beauty continue to captivate foreigners. The Ministry is actively working to leave an unforgettable impression on every traveler exploring our vast country," stated Deputy Minister of Tourism and Sports, Yerzhan Yerkinbayev.

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Travel Advisory June 30, 2023

Kazakhstan - level 1: exercise normal precautions.

Reissued after periodic review with updates to the Travel Advisory Level. Exercise normal precautions in Kazakhstan.

Read the  country information page  for additional information on travel to Kazakhstan.

If you decide to travel to Kazakhstan:

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Rakhymzhan Koshkarbayev Avenue 3 Astrana 010010 Kazakhstan Telephone: +(7) (7172) 70-21-00 Emergency After-Hours Telephone: +(7) (7172) 70-21-00 (or 011-7-717-270-21-00 from the U.S.) Fax: +(7) (7172) 70-22-80 Email:   [email protected]

U.S. Consulate General Almaty Zholdasbekov Street 97 Samal-2 Almaty, Kazakhstan 050051 Telephone : +(7) (727) 250-49-01 Emergency After-Hours Telephone: +7 727-250-76-12 (or 011-7-727-250-76-12 from the U.S.) Email:   [email protected]

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See the Department of State’s  Fact Sheet on Kazakhstan  for information on U.S.-Kazakhstan relations.  

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Please see the  visa page of Kazakhstan’s Embassy in Washington  for the most current visa information.

• U.S. travelers may enter Kazakhstan without a visa for stays up to 30 days on each visit and may not stay more than a cumulative 90 days within a six-month period.
• Individuals seeking to stay beyond the 90-day limit within a six-month period may apply for a 10-year Kazakh tourist or business visa. These visas contain restrictions, permitting maximum stays of 60 or 30 days per visit, depending on the type of visa.
• Violating the authorized period of stay in Kazakhstan or engaging in activities inconsistent with your visa category may result in fines, imprisonment, and/or delays upon exit.

If you wish to apply for a permanent residency permit in Kazakhstan, prior to travel you should determine what documentation is required, including criminal background checks, and obtain any necessary authentication for those documents.

• For information about U.S. background checks, refer to the  Federal Bureau of Investigation’s website . The U.S. Mission in Kazakhstan does not fingerprint U.S. citizens.
• For information on authentication of documents, please see the Department of State Website .
• You must receive permission from the Kazakh government before traveling to certain areas bordering China and cities close to military installations. Please check the  Ministry of Internal Affairs website  for the list of closed areas or contact Kazakhstan’s Embassy in Washington, DC .

Russian Arrest Warrants:  Kazakhstan and Russia have law enforcement cooperation agreements in place that obligate information sharing on certain security and law enforcement matters. Russian authorities may request that their Kazakh counterparts give increased scrutiny to former and current U.S. government and military personnel with prior work in Russia. Additionally, Russian law enforcement or security services may request that the Kazakh authorities detain U.S. citizens upon entry or exit based on existing mutual assistance agreements.

HIV/AIDS Entry Restrictions: Some HIV/AIDS-related restrictions exist for foreign residents and workers in Kazakhstan.

• Visitors who receive a Kazakh work or residency visa must submit a health certification form, including negative HIV test results, with their application to the Migration Police in the city where they intend to work or reside in order to receive a work or residency permit after arriving in Kazakhstan. The results must be less than three months old.
• The city HIV clinic in the place of registration can conduct the test or may certify test results performed abroad.
• If the original test results are in a language other than Russian or Kazakh, they must be accompanied by an official, notarized translation.
• Please verify this information with Kazakhstan’s Embassy in Washington.

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• Demonstrations can be unpredictable. Avoid areas around protests and demonstrations. 
• Even demonstrations intended to be peaceful can turn confrontational and escalate into violence.
• Past demonstrations have ended in mass arrests.
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Terrorism:  Terrorist groups and those inspired by such organizations are intent on attacking U.S. citizens abroad. Terrorists are increasingly using less sophisticated methods of attack – including knives, firearms, and vehicles – to target crowds more effectively. Frequently, their aim is unprotected and/or vulnerable targets, such as:

• High-profile public events (sporting contests, political rallies, demonstrations, holiday events, celebratory gatherings, etc.)
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For more information, see our  Terrorism  page.

Crime:  The most common crimes encountered by foreign visitors are purse snatching, pickpocketing, assaults, and robberies, although all of these incidents are rare. Be vigilant and do not carry large sums of money or valuables on the street. Financial fraud, such as ATM skimming, is prevalent.

The police sometimes conduct identification checks in public areas. Police are not required to demonstrate probable cause to detain individuals. Upon request, you must produce either a passport or an Embassy or Consulate-certified copy of your passport.

Kazakh security personnel may at times place foreign visitors under surveillance. Hotel rooms and telephones may be monitored, and personal possessions in hotel rooms may be searched.

Harassment and extortion by imposters, genuine law enforcement, and other officials does occur. Never voluntarily give your wallet to anybody. If pressured by a police officer, tell the officer that you will report the behavior to the U.S. Embassy or Consulate and to the officer’s supervisors. Try to obtain the officer's name, badge number, and license plate number, and note where and when the incident happened.

Do not use unmarked taxis. At the airport, do not leave with anyone who does not show pre-arranged identification, even if the person is holding a sign with your name.

The  U.S. Mission in Kazakhstan  is aware of isolated incidents when foreigners have been drugged, robbed, and physically assaulted at bars and nightclubs as well as in unmarked taxis.

International Financial Scams:  See the  Department of State  and the  FBI  pages for information.

Victims of Crime:  U.S. citizen victims of sexual assault are encouraged to contact the U.S. Embassy or Consulate for assistance. Report crimes to the local police at 102 and contact the U.S. Embassy at (+7) 7172-70-21-00 or the U.S. Consulate at (+7) 7272-50-49-01. Remember that local authorities are responsible for investigating and prosecuting crime.

See our webpage on  help for U.S. victims of crime overseas .

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Domestic Violence:  U.S. citizen victims of domestic violence are encouraged to contact the Embassy or Consulate for assistance.

Tourism:  The tourism industry is unevenly regulated, and safety inspections for equipment and facilities do not commonly occur. Hazardous areas/activities are not always identified with appropriate signage, and staff may not be trained or certified either by the host government or by recognized authorities in the field. In the event of an injury, appropriate medical treatment is typically available only in/near major cities. First responders are generally unable to access areas outside of major cities and to provide urgent medical treatment. U.S. citizens are encouraged to purchase medical evacuation insurance. See our webpage for more  information on insurance providers for overseas coverage .

Local Laws & Special Circumstances

Criminal Penalties:  When traveling to a foreign country, you are subject to that country’s local laws. If you violate local laws, even unknowingly, you may be expelled, arrested, or imprisoned. Individuals establishing a business or practicing a profession that requires additional permits or licensing should seek information from the competent local authorities, prior to practicing or operating a business.

• Penalties for possessing, using, or trafficking in illegal drugs in Kazakhstan are severe, and convicted offenders can expect long jail sentences and heavy fines.
• You may be taken in for questioning if you don’t have your passport with you or if you take pictures of certain buildings or other sensitive infrastructure.
• Kazakh customs authorities may enforce strict regulations concerning the export of items such as antiques. Please see our  Customs Information  page for more information.
• Kazakhstan has a zero-tolerance policy for driving under the influence of alcohol. You can be detained immediately if you are driving under the influence of alcohol.

Furthermore, certain acts of U.S. citizens overseas are prosecutable as crimes in the United States even if they are not illegal under the local law. For examples, see our website on  crimes against minors abroad  and the  U.S. Department of Justice .

Arrest Notification:  If you are arrested or detained, ask police or prison officials to notify the Embassy or Consulate immediately. See our  webpage  for further information.

Counterfeit and Pirated Goods:  Counterfeit and pirated goods are prevalent in many countries and they may be illegal according to the local laws. Counterfeit and pirated goods may pose significant risks to consumer health and safety. You may be subject to fines and/or have to give up the counterfeit and pirated goods if you bring them back to the United States. See the U.S. Customs and Border Protection website and the  U.S. Department of Justice website  for more information.

Faith-Based Travelers:  Visitors to Kazakhstan engaging in missionary work or other religious activities must register with the Local Executive Authority office (Akimat) where the activities will take place. Kazakhstan also imposes restrictions on the importation of religious literature.

You may be fined and deported from Kazakhstan for performing any religious work without proper religious worker registration. Representatives of faith-based non-governmental organizations are considered subject to the registration requirement, even if their activities are not religious in nature.

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International Volunteers:

• Best Practices for Volunteering Abroad

LGBTQI+ Travelers:  There are no legal restrictions on same-sex sexual relations or the organization of LGBTQI+ events in Kazakhstan; however, these events may be disrupted by local authorities or members of the public. Negative social attitudes towards LGBTQI+ persons are widespread, and local LGBTQI+ persons are sometimes subject to physical and verbal abuse, as well as unwanted attention from police. See   our  LGBTQI+ Travel Information   page and section 6 of our  Human Rights report  for further details.

Travelers with Disabilities:  The law in Kazakhstan prohibits discrimination against persons with disabilities, and the law is enforced. Social acceptance of persons with disabilities in public is not as prevalent as in the United States. Expect accessibility to be limited in public transportation, lodging, communication/information, and general infrastructure.

Students:  See our  Students Abroad  page and  FBI travel tips .

Women Travelers:  Domestic violence is common and sexual assaults do occur, though there have not been recent reports of sexual assault committed against U.S. citizens. See our travel tips for  women travelers .

Options for medical care are limited and well below U.S. standards. U.S. citizens often depart Kazakhstan for medical treatment, including many routine procedures. Some prescriptions and over-the-counter medicines are not widely available in Kazakhstan.

For emergency services in Kazakhstan call the Rescue Service by dialing 112. Other provider numbers are: 101 for Fire, 102 for Police, 103 for Emergency Medical Assistance, and 104 in the event of a gas leak.

Ambulance services are:

• not present throughout the country and are unreliable in most areas except in major cities.
• not equipped with state-of-the-art medical equipment.
• not staffed with trained paramedics and often have little or no medical equipment.

Injured or seriously ill travelers may prefer to take a taxi or private vehicle to the nearest major hospital rather than wait for an ambulance.

The U.S. Embassy maintains  a list of doctors and hospitals . We do not endorse or recommend any specific medical provider or clinic.

The Department of State does not pay medical bills.  Be aware that U.S. Medicare/Medicaid does not apply overseas. Most hospitals and doctors overseas do not accept U.S. health insurance.

Medical Insurance:  Make sure your health insurance plan provides coverage overseas. Most care providers overseas only accept cash payments. See our  webpage  for more information on insurance providers for overseas coverage. Visit the  U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  for more information on type of insurance you should consider before you travel overseas. Doctors and hospitals often expect cash payment for health services.

We strongly recommend  supplemental insurance  to cover medical evacuation.

Always carry prescription medication in original packaging, along with your doctor’s prescription. Check with  Kazakhstan’s National Center for Expertise  to ensure the medication is legal in Kazakhstan.

Water Quality : In many areas, tap water does not meet U.S. standards for potability. Many restaurants and hotels serve tap water unless bottled water is specifically requested, and ice for drinks may be made using tap water. Bottled water and beverages are generally safe.  Be aware. Surface waters (streams, rivers, and ponds) are likely to be contaminated with animal waste. Try to avoid contact with these waters.

Vaccinations:  Be up-to-date on all  vaccinations recommended  by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Further Health Information :

• World Health Organization
• U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Air Quality:  Visit  AirNow Department of State  for information on air quality at U.S. Embassies and Consulates.

Earthquakes:  Kazakhstan is an earthquake-prone country. The U.S. Department of State has ranked the earthquake threat level within the Almaty region in particular as Level 4 (the highest level assigned). Building practices within Kazakhstan do not generally meet U.S. seismic standards. Local authorities do not have sufficient resources to respond to a large-scale disaster.

Adventure Travel 

• Visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website for more information about  Adventure Travel . 

Travel and Transportation

Road Conditions and Safety:  Roads in Kazakhstan may be in poor repair, especially in rural areas. Signage and lighting on roadways can be poor.

• Potholes are common and are often dangerously deep.
• Mountainous roads, including the highway between Almaty and Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, should be avoided at night or during poor weather.
• Roads outside urban areas are often closed in winter months due to high winds and drifting snow.

Traffic Laws:  Drivers sometimes disregard traffic signals, ignore lane markings, drive after excessive alcohol consumption (despite official “zero tolerance”), drive into oncoming lanes of traffic, and move at excessive speed – including during adverse weather. Pedestrians sometimes ignore crosswalks and dart in front of cars.

• Visitors should drive defensively at all times, as many local drivers do not follow traffic laws. Road rage can be a problem, and we recommend a non-confrontational response to such behavior.
• Accidents involving severe injury and/or death do occur.
• Traffic police have reportedly stopped cars to extort bribes on city streets and at periodic checkpoints on major highways.

Public Transportation:  Buses can be crowded and unsafe.

Due to the danger of theft or assault, be selective regarding which taxi you use, and always avoid entering a cab that already contains persons other than the driver. The U.S. Mission highly discourages hailing unlicensed private vehicles on the street and negotiating a fee with the driver on the spot. Ridesharing applications are widely available.

See our  Road Safety page  for more information. Also, visit the  website of Kazakhstan’s national tourist office  for additional information on road safety.

Aviation Safety Oversight:  As there is no direct commercial air service to the United States by carriers registered in Kazakhstan, the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has not assessed the government of Kazakhstan’s Civil Aviation Authority for compliance with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) aviation safety standards. Further information may be found on the  FAA’s safety assessment page .

U.S. government personnel are prohibited from traveling for official duties on Kazakh airlines without prior approval, except for Air Astana and FlyArystan, due to safety concerns.

For additional travel information

• Enroll in the  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP)  to receive security messages and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
• Call us in Washington, D.C. at 1-888-407-4747 (toll-free in the United States and Canada) or 1-202-501-4444 (from all other countries) from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, Monday through Friday (except U.S. federal holidays).
• See the  State Department’s travel website  for the  Worldwide Caution  and  Travel Advisories .
• Follow us on  Twitter  and  Facebook .
• See  traveling safely abroad  for useful travel tips.

Review information about International Parental Child Abduction in Kazakhstan . For additional IPCA-related information, please see the International Child Abduction Prevention and Return Act ( ICAPRA ) report.

Travel Advisory Levels

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• Sunday, 30 June, 2024
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Kazakhstan to Increase Checkpoint Capacity, Reduce Wait Times

By Nagima Abuova in Business , International on 26 June 2024

ASTANA—The capacity of the checkpoints will be increased eightfold, reducing wait times from two hours to 25 minutes and minimizing corruption risks. The reconstruction of all checkpoints is planned to be completed by the end of the year, said Eldos Saudabayev, the acting Deputy Chairman of the State Revenue Committee (SRC) of the Kazakh Ministry of Finance, at a press conference of the Central Communications Service (CCS) on June 25.

Photo credit: Alexander Pavsky / Kazinform

According to Kazinform, during the briefing, it was revealed that external trade turnover with third countries increased by 0.5% to $44.6 billion in the first five months of this year. Exports amounted to $28.6 billion, a 5.5% increase over the same period in 2023. Imports amounted to $16.1 billion.

Saudabayev noted that the Baurzhan Konysbayev checkpoint handles more than 1,000 vehicles daily.

“In the first five months of this year, customs payments and taxes of 1.3 trillion tenge (US$2.8 billion) were collected. Due to customs administration measures, 62.5 billion tenge (US$134 million) was collected for the budget,” said Saudabayev.

According to the SRC, introducing an electronic queue at automobile checkpoints has changed the border crossing process.

“This automated system is the only one of its kind in Central Asia. In five months, more than 480,000 vehicles passed through automobile checkpoints on the border with third countries, a 38% increase from the same period last year,” said Saudabayev.

The electronic queue system has automated the issuance of foreign permit forms at the border with China and Uzbekistan. The form issuance at the Uzbekistan border is digitized through integration with the Uzbekistan transport database.

Saudabayev mentioned ongoing work with China to implement the same electronic form-issuing system. 

“The main purpose of this service is to issue forms upon carriers’ arrival at the border, activated on the day of the crossing. This eliminates corruption risks and digitizes the form issuance process. Now, each form is linked to a specific vehicle and is issued for 3,692 tenge, preventing resale,” he said.

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