peru medical tourism

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Medical Tourism to Peru

Peru healthcare system, top hospitals for medical tourism in peru.

• Diospi Suyana: Founded in 2007, Diospi Suyana means “Trust in God” in the local language of Quechua. Diospi Suyana is a Christian hospital located in southern Apurimac. The doctors and nurses working here have successfully served over 250,000 patients since opening their doors.
• Yantalo International Clinic: Founded in 2005, the Yantalo International Clinic was built with a goal of improving health and health education throughout the region. The clinic operates on public contributions, either personal or financial.
• Nuevo Hospital San Juan De Dios, Pisoco, Ica, Peru: The Nuevo Hospital aims to provide specialized and comprehensive care to the Peruvian population, as well as those traveling to Peru for medical services. They can assist with health risk identification, prevention, protection, recovery and rehabilitation.

Common treatments done by medical tourists in Peru

• Dental Work
• Cosmetic Surgery
• Health Check
• Diagnostic Scans
• Gastronomy Procedures

Cost of medical treatments in Peru

Malpractice and liability laws in peru, jci accredited, english is spoken by the general public, language barrier, concept of time, infectious diseases, traveling to peru, entry and exit requirements to peru, statistics for medical tourism in peru, peru medical tourism:, who is already here.

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Medical Tourism in Peru – What’s Popular

Medical Tourism in Peru: Cosmetic Surgery & other Procedures

The MTA – Medical Tourism Association – estimates that around one million Americans packed their bags and headed overseas last year for nearly every type of medical procedure you can imagine. Figures also show that Medical Tourism in Peru has taken off in the last five years, with approximately 250,000 people entering Peru as ‘medical tourists’ all looking for quality medical treatments at a lower cost than what they would pay in their home country. Plastic surgery, dentistry and ophthalmology are among the most sought after services.

Who Travels to Peru for Healthcare?

Many North Americans don’t have health insurance and those that do still find that the limitations of their policies, or high co-pays, make it near impossible to get the care they need. Another example are the many Peruvians who live in North America that take advantage of these lower costs when they return to Peru to visit family. This fuels the Medical Tourism boom. High quality treatments and value for money are understandably top of the list.

But is Healthcare in Peru Safe?

According to the MTA, what is interesting is that it’s often the friends or family members of patients that ask this question more than the patient themselves. At least one family member or friend is virtually guaranteed to try to change the mind of the patient about taking treatment overseas. Most concerns are unfounded as Enrique Roig, psychoanalyst from Humana Peru said, ‘’There are good quality health professionals in Peru. The possibility that doctors have to perform their professional practices very early allows them to have a lot of exposure in their medical field.’’ He added that the cost of labour in Peru is also much less expensive than other countries which helps keep the running costs of clinics down, with savings being passed on to the patient. Finally, he also stressed that medical tourists benefit other sectors too, as they often visit well-known places or try Peru’s gastronomy during their visit. All these factors make taking medical treatments in Peru very favorable, while still being treated in the best clinics in Lima and not spending close to what the same procedure would cost in North America or other developed countries. For example, a rhinoplasty (nose job) might cost around US$5000 in the USA, while in Peru you’re looking at a saving of at least 60%.

Author Lloyd Hannis is the owner of Surgery in Peru, a web service specializing in connecting patients with quality medical care in Peru.  www.SurgeryinPeru.com

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Medical Mission Trips to Peru

Thank you for your interest in imr’s medical mission trips to peru this is a very unique opportunity to work with populations that have little to no access to healthcare and make a huge impact on their lives..

Peru is located in a highly seismically active area and major earthquakes occur frequently. In addition the country experiences heavy rainfall, flooding, droughts, forest fires, frosts and snowfalls, and the periodic occurrence of the El Niño climatic phenomenon. This makes the community vulnerable and more susceptible to diseases. The total fertility rate in 2011 was 7.7 children per woman, and the mortality rate was 10.6 per 1,000, double the national rate. The main causes of death include several preventable and infectious diseases such as, tuberculosis, pneumonia, malaria, and yellow fever.

The Peruvian healthcare system is similar to those in other Latin American countries, so remote areas are not serviced by medical facilities. In fact, in 2009, the World Health Organization reported that the indigenous people of Peru are in dire need of outside medical assistance to help improve the quality of their lives. To make the situation more serious, communicable diseases are the leading cause of death throughout the nation. To help provide quality medical care to all citizens, IMR will send volunteers to the Andes high country to provide quality health care and medical services. Our mobile clinics offer assistance to children, women, families, the elderly, and other in-need populations.

You and the rest of the team will educate locals on how to stay healthy and how to care for their loved ones. Together, we will treat a wide variety of acute and chronic illnesses including dengue fever, yellow fever, zika, malaria, and illness related to poor drinking water quality. One of the main focuses of this mission is dentistry. Because all community members are encouraged to attend, the demand for dental care will be high. Another main focus of this mission is women’s healthcare. We will provide general women’s and infant care, as well as strengthen the knowledge and skills of the local midwives.

International Medical Relief began relief efforts in Peru in 2012. Since then, more than 300 volunteers and staff have served over 9,000 patients. IMR continues to strengthen their relationship with the community and provide community health training, medical treatments, medical supplies and equipment, and clinic operations.  

With diligent planning and preparation, IMR is dedicated to ensuring that specific goals are met on our missions, each in correlation to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 3, 6, and 17.

IMR works to elevate vulnerable populations through shoulder-to-shoulder care with our local partners, creating workforce density, and a cadre of future healthcare and public health leaders in association to UNSDG 3: Good Health & Wellbeing. 

Our medical mission teams also work toward UNSDG 6: Clean Water & Sanitation by supporting and strengthening the participation of local communities in improving their water quality, and installing water filtration systems that supply communities with clean drinking water and providing education on hydration and hygiene.

In correlation with UNSDG 17: Partnerships for the Goals, our organization works in collaboration and at the request of local hosts where we are under their direct influence and affluence. IMR never goes into a country without a formal invitation where there is a great community need for medical or dental care, and health education.

The Mission

Your team will be working either in the Villa Maria del Triunfo district within the city of Lima, or various communities surrounding the city of Cusco. Your mission will focus on fostering health access and equality for vulnerable families, particularly families below the poverty line with children younger than 14.

This is an area where traditional medicine dominates and we will have an opportunity to learn about the botanicals used by local healers. You will also have an opportunity to learn about the rich culture of this beautiful and unique area, where the people are passionate about their religion, crafts, and corn!

Lodging & Transportation

You may be working in the area around Lima on this trip and would stay in modest accommodations close to the center of the city. Transportation to clinic will be by bus and the rides will be beautiful!

The children…taught me how little it takes from each of us giving just a piece of our heart, time, served with a slice of kindness to change the world around us. I feel so fortunate to have experienced this first day on my mission trip to Peru with IMR. It was an eye opening experience at many levels, but at the heart of it all was the enthusiasm, generosity, and love of all those I volunteered with. I look forward to future service trips around the world with International Medical Relief. Dr. Amina, Team Peru

Trip Highlights

It is our patients – and there are a lot of them! – that are the highlight of this trip. You may even find it to be a life-changing experience. In addition to the work you will do: experience the sunrise on Machu Picchu, enjoy a cinematic train ride through the Sacred Valley into the jungle or journey to see the colorful Rainbow Mountain. 

Food & Water

You will love the regional food! If you are adventuresome, you might want to try cuy (guinea pig) but lamb, chicken, pork, sausages, and chalona (a dried meat) are easily found if you are not in the mood for cuy. Sweet potatoes, scrumptious stews of assorted vegetables with or without meat are amazing, Corn and cheeses in many varieties will be on all the menus – try the corn fritters! And did we mention the ice cream? Save room for the regional desserts!

Extend Your Stay!

Since you are already venturing across the globe, have you considered extending your stay by a few days to see some of Peru’s top tourist destinations? IMR offers an exclusive five-day extension to its volunteers provided by our partner,  Worldwide Navigators .

Worldwide Navigators offers a fantastic opportunity to continue your trip and explore off the beaten path, giving you more time to visit Cusco, Machu Picchu, and other area attractions.

Itinerary Options

Itinerary is subject to change without notice.

Full Mission (7-8 Days)

You and the team will fly into Jorge Chaves International Airport. Upon arrival, your team will transport to your hotel where you can check in & freshen up. You will enjoy a hearty dinner and attend the team orientation to prepare you for the upcoming week of clinic.

You and your team will provide training for local healthcare providers to continue IMR’s long-term, sustainable education efforts.  Education is as important as medical and dental care for our patients. Each clinic includes basic health education according to the specialties and skills of the IMR volunteers, as well as the needs of the local people.

Enjoy breakfast at your hotel in the morning and then depart for clinic! Your team will be working in the Villa Maria del Triunfo district within the city of Lima. Your mission will focus on fostering health access and equality for vulnerable families, particularly families below the poverty line with children younger than 14.

This a cultural/free day to explore the area: go see a sunrise at Machu Picchu, enjoy a cinematic train ride through sacred valley, or journey to see the colorful Rainbow Mountain!

On your last day in Lima, enjoy one final breakfast with your team before beginning your departure home.

Mini Mission (3-4 Days)

Upon arrival, your team will transport to your hotel where you can check in and freshen up, then you’ll meet up with the team already in place. Enjoy a hearty dinner and attend the team orientation to prepare you for the upcoming week of clinic. 

Enjoy breakfast at your hotel in the morning and then depart for your first day of clinic! Clinics will be held in the Cusco area.  You will see some of the mountain villages within a few hours of Cusco, including villages where the Quechua people live and work.

You will likely see many patients with mosquito-borne illnesses, as well as those with infections, wounds, and common health problems. Frequently, these patients will go without health care. The Quechua people suffer greatly from a lack of knowledge about how to manage their healthcare, resulting in needless deaths among this already diminishing population.

Today will be your chance to explore the historic city of Cusco. You are invited to venture to the famous San Pedro Market, Choco Museo, Cristo Blanco, or make your way all the way to the beautiful archaeological site of Sacsayhuaman. You are free to fly out of Cusco at anytime you like. Enjoy the town of Cusco or fly elsewhere and continue your adventures.

Crisis Management & Emergency Response

We take security very seriously at IMR. It is our job to ensure that security precautions are in place, but please keep in mind that we cannot guarantee your safety on the trip.

• We continuously review all current activities occurring on the ground, and we work with the State Department and the U.S. Embassy to know the ground situation to the best of our ability.
• A security training conference call is available to our volunteers where we detail our security procedures that are in place for the trip.
• We take many security precautions such as radios, a buddy system, emergency evacuation plan and security planning.
• We protect the privacy of our volunteers in the field and provide them with customized contact information for their use.
• During our mandatory briefing, team members review our safety protocols, evacuation procedures, protocols for illness, natural disaster and terrorism. We provide training to our teams to be cognizant of their own safety and to be aware of their surroundings.
• Several policies require teams to adhere to safety issues.

Trip Preparation

Minimum donation.

Your generous donation helps to save and change lives everyday.

Your charitable investment will go toward ongoing global relief to care for the underserved and vulnerable people of this community. As a member of this medical mission team, you will elevate the long-term impact of sustainable, capacity-building efforts that improve the health, wellness, and quality of life of those most in need. A small portion of your donation includes:

• Clinic supplies and medications for patients
• Clinic participation
• Transportation, accommodations, and meals as outlined in the itinerary

Payment Deadlines

To save $200, a 50% donation payment must be received 14 weeks before the mission’s scheduled start date. Full donation payments must be received 4 weeks before the mission’s scheduled start date.

Early Bird Savings Opportunity

To be eligible, upload all your required documents and forms, and make a minimum of 50% of your donation payment by 14 weeks prior to your mission’s scheduled start date.

Flexible Flight Options

Volunteer with Airfare

You may choose to book a flight with us for an additional fee. Details on the available flight routing and US departure city will be announced on the Early Bird Date. Airport transportation to and from the team’s accommodations are also included with this option. Depending on your departure city, you may still need to purchase another flight in addition to this one. After this flight has been booked, you may contact our travel agent, Worldwide Navigators, for assistance booking any necessary additional flights.

Benefits of Flying at a Subsidized Rate

• Travel with other members of your team on select routing
• Fly on a subsidized ticket at a lower rate
• Transport to and from the airport included

Volunteer without Airfare

Many team members choose to book their flight(s) to and from the mission location independent of IMR. This is a great option if would like to extend your stay in the area to tour and explore, or if the routing from you home airport is more feasible for you. If you choose to fly independently, please note that your transportation in between the airport and the team’s accommodations will not be provided. This will need to be arranged separately. Our partner for travel, Worldwide Navigators, would be happy to assist you in coordinating flights and/or transportation. You can contact them at [email protected] .

Benefits of Flying Independently

• Extend your stay and customize your dates of travel
• Choose your departure location
• Customize your class of service

Featured Enhancements

**To purchase any of the above Featured Enhancements for your mission please contact our office at [email protected] or call at (970) 635-0110 .

Fundraising

IMR provides a fundraising packet to all registered trip applicants that is full of ideas on how you can raise support for your trip or for supplies to be utilized on this specific mission. When soliciting donations for any of our trips, success is completed through telling your personal story. Why do you want to go? Who will you help? Why their donation can help you achieve the ultimate goal. Tell your story to anyone and everyone. Refer your potential or active donors to our website or Facebook page and to your personal fundraising page. You may share your personal fundraising URL on Facebook and other social media sites.

Join Us in Making a Difference.

Bring much-needed acute medical and dental care to a beautiful, culture-rich destination. You can join an IMR medical mission team today!

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The rise of medical tourism: A global perspective

Medical tourism, a rapidly evolving industry, has been making headlines worldwide. It has become an increasingly popular choice for millions of patients seeking accessible, affordable, and high-quality healthcare. In this article, we will explore the reasons behind the rise of medical tourism, the current trends shaping the industry, and the challenges and opportunities facing stakeholders in this ever-expanding market.

I. The origins and growth of medical tourism

Medical tourism is not a new phenomenon, as people have traveled for medical treatment for centuries. However, advancements in transportation, communication, and medical technology have transformed the industry, making it more accessible to a broader range of people.

• Factors driving the growth of medical tourism:

a) High cost of healthcare in developed countries: The rising cost of healthcare in countries like the United States has prompted many individuals to seek more affordable alternatives abroad. For instance, a heart bypass surgery in the United States can cost up to $100,000, while the same procedure in India may only cost around $10,000.

b) Long waiting times: Lengthy waiting periods for elective surgeries and specialist consultations in countries with public healthcare systems, such as Canada and the United Kingdom, have driven patients to seek faster treatment in other countries.

c) Accessibility to advanced treatments: Some patients choose medical tourism to access cutting-edge treatments unavailable or not yet approved in their home countries.

d) Improved quality of healthcare services: The quality of healthcare services in developing countries has significantly improved in recent years, with many facilities achieving international accreditations and certifications.

e) Increasing ease of travel: Air travel has become more accessible and affordable, allowing people to travel long distances for medical treatment without significant inconvenience.

II. Popular medical tourism destinations and treatments

The global landscape of medical tourism is diverse, with different regions specializing in various treatments and offering unique advantages to international patients.

• Asia: Countries such as India, Thailand, and Singapore have emerged as major medical tourism hubs in Asia. They offer a wide range of treatments, from orthopedic surgeries and cardiac procedures to cosmetic surgeries and dental treatments. These countries are known for their state-of-the-art facilities, highly skilled medical professionals, and relatively low costs.
• Latin America: Mexico, Costa Rica, and Brazil are among the top medical tourism destinations in Latin America. Patients from the United States and Canada often choose these countries for their proximity and lower cost of treatments. Popular procedures in this region include bariatric surgery, dental care, and cosmetic surgery.
• Europe: Turkey, Hungary, and Poland are gaining prominence in the European medical tourism market. They offer advanced treatments, such as oncology, fertility treatments, and dental care, at competitive prices.

III. The role of technology in the rise of medical tourism

Technology has played a critical role in the growth of medical tourism. The internet and social media have facilitated easier access to information about medical facilities, treatments, and medical professionals. Telemedicine and virtual consultations have also enabled patients to connect with healthcare providers remotely, further increasing the appeal of medical tourism.

IV. Challenges and opportunities in medical tourism

Despite the rapid growth of medical tourism, the industry faces several challenges that must be addressed to ensure its continued success.

• Legal and ethical issues: Differences in medical standards, regulations, and malpractice laws across countries can pose challenges for patients and healthcare providers alike. Ensuring the highest level of care and addressing ethical concerns, such as organ trafficking, will be crucial in maintaining the reputation of the industry.
• Quality and safety concerns: Ensuring the quality and safety of medical treatments and facilities is paramount. International accreditation and certification bodies, such as the Global Healthcare Accreditation(GHA), play a vital role in maintaining high standards.
• Coordination and communication: Effective coordination and communication between healthcare providers, insurance companies, and medical tourism facilitators are essential to ensure a smooth experience for patients. Addressing language barriers and cultural differences can further enhance the patient's overall experience.
• Competition: As the medical tourism industry expands, competition among destinations increases. Countries must invest in the development of their healthcare infrastructure, marketing strategies, and workforce to remain competitive.

V. The future of medical tourism

As the global medical tourism market continues to grow, new trends and opportunities will emerge for both patients and industry stakeholders.

• Personalized medicine and genomics: Advances in personalized medicine and genomics are expected to play a significant role in the future of medical tourism. Patients may travel abroad to access tailored treatments based on their genetic makeup.
• The rise of wellness tourism: Wellness tourism, which focuses on preventive care and holistic well-being, is a growing market. Destinations that offer a combination of medical and wellness services may have a competitive advantage in attracting medical tourists.
• Digital health and virtual care: The integration of digital health technologies, such as telemedicine and AI-driven diagnostics, will likely play a critical role in the expansion of medical tourism. These technologies can help patients access care remotely and provide more personalized, efficient services.
• Sustainable medical tourism: As environmental concerns become increasingly prominent, medical tourism destinations will need to prioritize sustainability and eco-friendly practices in their healthcare infrastructure and facilities.

The rise of medical tourism is a testament to the global demand for accessible, affordable, and high-quality healthcare. As the industry continues to evolve, new challenges and opportunities will shape its future trajectory. By addressing these challenges and capitalizing on emerging trends, medical tourism destinations can secure a sustainable and successful place in the global healthcare landscape.

To receive a free quote please click on the link: https://www.medicaltourism.com/get-a-quote

Patients are advised to seek hospitals that are accredited by Global Healthcare and only work with medical tourism facilitators who are certified by Global Healthcare Accreditation or who have undergone certification from the Certified Medical Travel Professionals (CMTP). This ensures that the highest standards in the industry are met. Click the link to check out hospitals accredited by the Global Healthcare Accreditation: https://www.globalhealthcareaccreditation.com/

It is recommended that consumers do not share their personal and confidential information on random medical tourism platforms as they may not be secure. Consumers must be cautious when disclosing their private information as some organizations may not protect their privacy and could misuse their information. Additionally, there are agencies that may prioritize their commissions over the well-being of the patients. Consumers should avoid choosing the cheapest price and instead make a thorough comparison across multiple facilitators to make an informed decision.

Unveiling the Power of Social Media Marketing in Medical Tourism

Korea: turning the focus to an emerging global leader in medical tourism, exploring the surge of cosmetic tourism: trends and considerations in aesthetic procedures abroad, holistic healing: exploring integrative medicine and wellness retreats, meeting the surge: the growing demand for knee replacement surgeries and advances in the field, south korea, a medical tourism leader pioneering the future of medicine  , surgical solutions for obesity and weight management ~ a team effort, south korea ~ stepping into the spotlight in global healthcare, south africa ~ making great strides in healthcare, continue reading, featured reading, guide to choosing korea for medical travel, transforming healthcare through innovation: ceo spotlight interview with matthew a. love, medical tourism magazine.

The Medical Tourism Magazine (MTM), known as the “voice” of the medical tourism industry, provides members and key industry experts with the opportunity to share important developments, initiatives, themes, topics and trends that make the medical tourism industry the booming market it is today.

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• Safety, Security & Travel Advice Series Peru
• Health and Medical Care in Peru

Falling ill on vacation is a real downer and getting sick in a foreign country might be a frightening experience. Therefore, a little bit of pre-travel health preparation and knowing the medical situation might be wise to stay well and fit during your stay in Peru. To help you prepare your Peru stay - be it shorter or longer - we compiled some general health information and medical advice.

Content Overview:

• Recommended vaccinations for Peru
• Medical care and hospitals in Peru

Gastro-intestinal diseases in Peru

• Altitude sickness / Soroche in Peru

Malaria in Peru

But please note, we from LimaEasy aren’t medical professionals. As in each individual case many medical aspects such as patient’s medical history, medication intake, exact travel destination, etc., must be considered, we strongly recommend consulting your family physician, or a doctor specialized in travel medicine before coming to Peru. Please view the following information as a general guidance only!

Necessary and recommended vaccinations for Peru

According to information of the Peruvian immigration and health authorities, the country currently doesn’t request any vaccinations upon entry.

This applies as well to a vaccination against Covid. The obligation to be either vaccinated or present a negative PCR test was repealed officially on October 27, 2022.

It is, however, highly recommended that all visitors should have their routine immunizations, such as tetanus, diphtheria, polio, pertussis, measles, mumps and rubella, up to date.

Furthermore, an immunization against Hepatitis A, a viral disease of the liver transmitted by contaminated water and food, is highly recommended. For off the beaten track travelers and those with close contact to the local population a vaccination against Hepatitis B, as well a viral disease affecting the liver transmitted by contaminated blood and bodily fluids, against typhoid fever, a bacterial infection caused by the consumption of contaminated water or food, and rabies, transmitted when being bitten by infected stray dogs or bats) is advisable.

The same applies to a vaccination against yellow fever, an acute viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes, which is not obligatory when entering Peru. Nevertheless, it is recommended to have a yellow fever vaccination when travelling to the Peruvian Amazon region under 2300 m (7500 ft.) and to designated yellow fever areas in Peru. Please be also aware that some tour operators ask for an immunization against yellow fever when booking a trip to the Manu National Park or other destinations in the Peruvian Amazon, so might your home country on your return or a third country you are traveling after your Peru trip. So please have a talk with your physician explaining your exact itinerary.

Manu National Park

Medical care in peru, private hospitals.

The best medical care in Peru is provided by a few top private clinics, mainly located in Lima. Covering a wide range of specialties these clinics can withstand the comparison with hospitals in the US or Europe. They are well-resourced with state-of-the-art equipment and necessary medications. Qualified doctors - often trained in Europe or the US - and nurses care for patients in all sorts of medical situations according to international standards and methods.

A list of some good to excellent private clinics can be found in our article “ International Hospitals ”.

These private hospitals often as well provide ambulance services that can be accessed by having a health plan with the clinic or by calling the hospital directly and paying for the service. In our article " Ambulance Services " you find a list of recommended providers.

However, outside of Lima (and perhaps Arequipa) - even though there have been improvements over the past years - the standard of medical care in private clinics is much lower. This applies as well to Peru’s main tourist destination, Cusco. While routine medical care and the treatment of acute medical problems is appropriate, serious medical emergencies often require an evacuation to Lima.

Public hospitals

The small progress made over the past decade in public medical care in Peru was wrecked when Covid hit Peru. The pandemic quite clearly showed the deficiencies and partly disastrous conditions in public clinics and medical care facilities.

Most public hospitals and health care centers in Lima and especially in the provinces by no means reach international standards or even a good necessary national standard and can’t be recommended. In rural areas, the situation is even worse. Patients with severe illnesses or serious medical emergencies / injuries should be transported to a private clinic in Lima or evacuated abroad as soon as possible.

Please note : Charges for doctors, hospitalization, treatments and surgeries vary heavily. But even those at the high end mostly only charge a fraction of the price you would have to pay for an equivalent private treatment in your home country. Anyhow, even if it is unusual for you, ask for exact fees and charges before you start your treatment! It is also common practice in Peru to pay for any medical treatment or examination in advance! Don't be surprised even in an emergency that you have to proceed to the cashier first to pay and then get examined or treated.

If you are living in Peru, we recommend having either a good private health insurance or sign up for a good health plan at one of the better private clinics. If you are traveling in Peru, we strongly suggest taking out an extensive travel health insurance that covers necessary medical treatments and prescribed medications, (air) rescue, hospitalization, transfer and repatriation.

One of the most common diseases among travelers, not only when visiting Peru, surely is diarrhea. Even though many gastro-intestinal diseases are caused by bacteria or viruses, unusual cooking methods, unknown ingredients, herbs, and spices as well as travel stress, changes in the climate and altitude might provoke the same problems.

So below some basic rules helping to minimize the risk of getting a stomach-intestine infection:

• Do not drink tap water! Only drink bottled water or possibly as well filtered, disinfected and/or boiled water.
• Avoid ice cubes; only in better restaurants, cafe's and bars, they are made using drinking water.
• Wash your hands thoroughly several times a day with water and soap.
• Wash fruits and vegetables before consumption with drinking water if necessary peel them.
• Travelers with sensitive stomachs should avoid leaf salads; in better restaurants they are washed with drinking water.
• Be careful with sauces and dips prepared with mayonnaise that might have spent the whole day on the table of a restaurant; better do without.
• Eat Ceviche only until noon or in better restaurants and make sure that the lime marinade cooked the fish through.

Peru is the world’s best culinary destination with amazing and delicious local dishes; fruits and veggies are extremely tasteful. You shouldn’t miss out on this important part of Peruvian culture while visiting out of fear. Obviously, consider general food and drinking water hygiene when eating out.

In case Montezuma’s revenge got you, try to evaluate if you just have a normal, unpleasant traveler’s diarrhea or a probably more serious diarrhea caused by bacteria or other organisms. Most cases of traveler’s diarrhea improve within a few days without treatment. Make sure to stay hydrated and to replace the fluids and salts lost with drinking water, sugared tea or electrolyte solutions which are available in every pharmacy in Peru. However, if your condition persists, gets worse including severe dehydration, vomiting, high fever, bloody stools, or severe pain, you should see a doctor.

Altitude sickness / Soroche

Altitude sickness can occur when the body can’t adapt to an unfamiliar altitude. Mostly climbers are affected that ascend too quickly up to higher altitudes, but often Peru visitors as well get sick after flying from Lima with an elevation of 160 m (520 ft.) in the city center to for example Cusco on 3300 m (10800 ft.) or Puno / Lake Titicaca on 3860 m (12420 ft.).

Soroche, as altitude sickness is called in Peru, most probably is caused by the fact that the pressure and oxygen concentration in the air decrease with an increasing altitude. This results in an oxygen deficiency in the body, which affects especially the brain and lungs.

Altitude sickness can get to anyone; well-trained athlete as well as couch potato, young and old, with infants being affected particularly often. Why one gets sick, the other not, could not yet been explained adequately; but the risk increases with alcohol consumption, insufficient hydration, exhaustion, infections and lack of sleep. Giving the body time to gradually get used to higher altitudes is the only way to prevent suffering from altitude sickness.

The first signs of getting sick with Soroche appear at heights of about 2500 m (8000 ft.). Symptoms usually occur within 6 to 24 hours after arriving at high altitude and include headache, nausea and vomiting, difficulty in breathing, sleeplessness, dizziness and loss of appetite. These symptoms should be taken seriously; the body needs time to rest and adapt.

Hotels in and around Cusco are usually well prepared for visitors with a mild form of altitude sickness. So, if you feel sick, don’t be afraid to ask for help. Often inhaling some oxygen, drinking lots of water and resting brings patients back on their feet. Although not scientifically proven, Coca Tea (Mate de Coca) might help to prevent and treat mild forms of altitude sickness, either due to the ingredients or just due to an increased hydration.

If you don’t feel better after an extensive break or overnight, seek medical treatment; in some cases, it might be advisable to leave for lower grounds. If the first light symptoms of altitude sickness are ignored, they can worsen quickly and - even though rarely - become life threatening.

Anyone having problems with the altitude in Cusco can, for example, leave the city for Ollantaytambo, a good 500 m (1600 ft.) lower, and acclimatize there. Machu Picchu is another 400 m (1300 ft.) lower, so usually no problems with altitude sickness there.

In Peru, there is only a slight risk of a malaria infection in areas under 2000 m (6500 ft.), and here mostly only in tropical regions of Iquitos, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martin and Puerto Maldonado. Lima, the desert-like coastal areas north and south of the capital, Ica, Nazca, Cusco, Machu Picchu and the Andean highlands are completely malaria-free. Even though in trial for many years, there is no vaccination against malaria. Depending on the itinerary and way of travel, it might be wise to take malaria prophylaxis pills in particular cases.

Malaria is transmitted by some Anopheles mosquito species that are active at twilight and night. Preventing a malaria infection means protection from mosquito bites. As other diseases in parts of Peru such as dengue fever, oropouche fever and leishmaniasis are as well transmitted by mosquito species active at day, it is recommended to protect yourself in these areas by regularly applying insect repellent, wearing long trousers and long-sleeved shirts / blouses and sleeping under mosquito nets.

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Travel Advisory November 15, 2023

Peru - level 2: exercise increased caution.

Last Update: Reissued with updates to crime information.

Exercise increased caution due to  crime, civil unrest, and the possibility of kidnapping . Some areas have increased risk. Read the entire Travel Advisory.

Do not travel to:

• The Colombian-Peruvian border area in the Loreto Region due to  crime .
• The Valley of the Apurímac, Ene, and Mantaro Rivers (VRAEM), including areas within the Departments of Ayacucho, Cusco, Huancavelica, and Junin, due to  crime  and  terrorism .

Country Summary : Crime, including petty theft, carjackings, muggings, assaults, and other violent crime, is common in Peru and can occur during daylight hours despite the presence of many witnesses. Kidnapping is rare, but does occur. The risk of crime increases at night. Organized criminal groups have been known to use roadblocks to rob victims in areas outside of the capital city of Lima.

Demonstrations occur regularly throughout the country. Public demonstrations can take place for a variety of political and economic issues. Demonstrations can cause the shutdown of local roads, trains, and major highways, often without prior notice or estimated reopening timelines. Road closures may significantly reduce access to public transportation and airports and may disrupt travel both within and between cities.

U.S. travelers participating in Ayahuasca and Kambo ceremonies should be aware that numerous persons, including U.S. citizens, have reported that while under the influence of these substances, they have witnessed or been victims of sexual assault, rape, theft, serious health problems and injuries, and even death.

Currently, U.S. government personnel cannot travel freely throughout Peru for security reasons . Read the  country information page  for additional information on travel to Peru.

If you decide to travel to Peru:

• Be aware of your surroundings.
• Monitor local media for breaking events and adjust your plans as needed.
• Enroll in the  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program  ( STEP ) to receive Alerts and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
• Follow the Department of State on  Facebook  and  Twitter .
• Follow the U.S. Embassy on  Facebook  and  Twitter .
• Review the U.S. Embassy  webpage .
• Review the  Country Security Report  for Peru.
• Prepare a contingency plan for emergency situations. Review the  Traveler’s Checklist .
• Visit the CDC page for the latest  Travel Health Information  related to your travel.

Colombian-Peruvian border area in the Loreto Region – Level 4: Do Not Travel

Drug trafficking and other criminal activity, combined with poor infrastructure, limits the capability and effectiveness of Peruvian law enforcement in this area.

The U.S. government has limited ability to provide emergency services to U.S. citizens as U.S. government personnel are restricted from traveling within 20 kilometers of the border with Colombia in the Loreto region, except on the Amazon River itself, without permission. This includes travel on the Putumayo River, which forms most of the Peru-Colombia border.

U.S. government personnel must receive advance permission for any travel to the Peruvian-Colombian border.

Valley of the Apurímac, Ene, and Mantaro Rivers (VRAEM) includes areas within the Departments of Ayacucho, Cusco, Huancavelica, and Junin – Level 4: Do Not Travel

Remnants of the Shining Path terrorist group are active in the VRAEM. The group may attack with little or no warning, targeting Peruvian government installations and personnel.

Drug trafficking and other criminal activity, combined with poor infrastructure, limit the capability and effectiveness of Peruvian law enforcement in this area.

U.S. government personnel are restricted from traveling in the VRAEM except for certain areas during daylight hours. U.S. government personnel must receive advance permission for any travel to the VRAEM. The U.S. government has limited ability to provide emergency services to U.S. citizens due to these travel restrictions.

Visit our website for  Travel to High-Risk Areas .

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Quick Facts

Must have six months validity at time of entry.

One page required for entry stamp.

Free, issued at the port of entry.

None Required.

$30,000 USD. More than $10,000 USD must be declared upon entry.

Same as entry.

Embassies and Consulates

U.S. Embassy Lima Avenida La Encalada cdra. 17 s/n Surco, Lima 33 Peru Telephone: + (51)(1) 618-2000 Emergency After-Hours Telephone: + (51)(1) 618-2000 Fax: + (51) (1) 618-2724 Email: [email protected]

U.S. Consular Agency - Cusco Av. El Sol 449, Suite #201 Cusco, Peru Telephone: + (51)(84) 231-474 Emergency After-Hours Telephone:  + (51)(1) 618-2000 Fax: + (51)(84) 245-102

Email: [email protected]

Destination Description

See the Department of State’s Fact Sheet on Peru for information on U.S.-Peru relations.

Entry, Exit and Visa Requirements

COVID-19 Requirements

• There are no COVID-related entry requirements for U.S. citizens.

Requirements for Entry :

• A passport with six months validity is required to enter Peru. Migraciones (Immigration) authorities may also require evidence of return/onward travel.
• Be sure your date and place of entry is officially documented by Migraciones, whether you arrive at a port, airport, or land border.
• Your length of approved stay will be determined by border officials at the time of entry, and can range from 30 to 183 days. Extensions for tourists are usually not approved, and overstays result in fines.
• The Embassy is unable to assist if you are denied entry. Peruvian immigration requires airlines to return travelers who are denied entry to their point of origin.

Requirements for Exit :

• If you do not have an entry record, you will not be allowed to exit the country until immigration authorities confirm the time and place of your entry into the country. This can be a difficult process, costing considerable time and money to resolve.
• Make sure Migraciones (Immigration) records your entry, and then save the record for your exit. An entry record is required even at remote border crossings, where often the proper officials are not present.
• Immediately report lost/stolen passports to local police and keep the report. You must apply for a new passport at the Embassy and obtain a replacement entry record from Migraciones using your police report prior to exiting Peru.

Travel with Minors : Regardless of nationality, all children who are traveling with both birth parents are required to have a valid passport and the necessary visa or citizenship of the country where they are traveling. Peruvian immigration procedures are complex for minors traveling without one or both parents/legal guardians.

For entry/exit from Peru, U.S. citizen minors under the age of 18, traveling alone (or with only one parent), generally do not require additional documentation if entering as a tourist for less than 183 days. However, if the stay lasts more than 183 days, then a Permiso Notarial de Viaje is required (see below).

U.S. citizen minors who are dual national Peruvians, traveling alone (or with only one parent), require a Permiso Notarial de Viaje. Furthermore, step-parents or guardians accompanying a dual U.S.-Peruvian citizen minor must provide a Permiso Notarial de Viaje from the non-traveling minor’s parents (as listed on the birth certificate). Finally, if an accompanying parent has sole custody, legal documentation is required (such as a foreign court-approved custody document stating sole custody, a death certificate, a Peruvian court-approved document for travel, or a birth certificate listing only one parent).

A Permiso Notarial de Viaje is a written, notarized authorization from the non-traveling parent(s). Peruvian immigration will not accept a document notarized by the U.S. Embassy or a document notarized by a U.S. notary in lieu of a Permiso Notarial de Viaje. Please be aware that these authorizations are valid for 30 days and one trip only.

How to get a Permiso Notarial de Viaje:

• In the United States, at the nearest Peruvian Consulate. There are multiple locations .
• In Peru, at most Peruvian notaries. An apostilled U.S. birth certificate is required for issuance.

The U.S. Embassy is unable to assist travelers who are prevented from traveling for lack of a Permiso Notarial de Viaje.

HIV Restrictions : The U.S. Department of State is unaware of any HIV/AIDS entry restrictions for visitors to, or foreign residents of, Peru.

Find information on dual nationality , prevention of international child abduction , and customs regulations on our websites.

Safety and Security

Terrorism:   Terrorist groups and those inspired by such organizations are intent on attacking U.S. citizens abroad. Terrorists are increasingly using less sophisticated methods of attack – including knives, firearms, and vehicles – to more effectively target crowds. Frequently, their aim is unprotected or vulnerable targets, such as: 

• High-profile public events (sporting contests, political rallies, demonstrations, holiday events, celebratory gatherings, etc.) 
• Hotels, clubs, and restaurants frequented by tourists 
• Places of worship 
• Schools 
• Parks 
• Shopping malls and markets 
• Public transportation systems (including subways, buses, trains, and scheduled commercial flights)  

U.S. Embassy Lima enforces a Restricted Travel Policy for Embassy personnel, which is based on its assessment of conditions and developments throughout the country. See the Overseas Security and Advisory Council’s Country Security Report for Peru. See the latest Travel Advisory for Peru .

The VRAEM (Valley of the Apurímac, Ene, and Mantaro Rivers) is particularly remote and a known safe haven for narcotraffickers and the last operational remnants of the Shining Path terrorist group.

For more information, see our  Terrorism  page.  

Crime : Crime is a widespread problem in Peru.

• Sexual assaults and rapes can occur, even in tourist areas. Travel in groups, do not leave food or drinks unattended, and use caution if a stranger offers you food or drink.
• Intoxicated travelers, including U.S. citizens, also have been sexually assaulted, injured, or robbed while under the influence of drugs and alcohol.
• Pick-pocketing, robbery, and hotel room theft are the most common crimes. Armed robberies have occurred throughout the city, including popular tourist destinations. Armed assailants usually target victims for their smartphones, wallets, or purses. If confronted by someone with a weapon, it is best not to resist.
• Incapacitating drugs, such as rohypnol and scopolamine, have been used to facilitate robberies and sexual assaults. Seek medical attention if you begin to feel ill.
• On routes to and from the airport in Lima, robberies have occurred where the assailant uses a tool to break a window while the vehicle is stopped in traffic.  Keep your belongings in the trunk or out of sight. Authorized taxi booths are present at the airport in Lima that will charge a flat rate according to the destination.
• Use hotel safes, if available. Avoid wearing obviously expensive jewelry or clothing, and carry only the cash or credit cards that you need.
• Stay alert in crowds and on public transportation. Be aware that thieves might create distractions to target you.
• Avoid isolated areas when on foot, especially after dark.
• Be alert for robberies in which criminals enter a taxi and force victims to withdraw money from ATMs.
• Use an app-based taxi service, order a taxi by phone, or use a service affiliated with a major hotel, as it is usually safer than hailing an unknown taxi on the street.
• Use ATMs in well-protected indoor areas such as banks or shopping malls. Avoid withdrawing large amounts of cash at one time.
• Do not let your credit card out of your sight in order to avoid credit card “skimming.” You should expect the vendor to use a credit card reader in your presence. The vendor will ask for your passport or ID number on the receipt.
• To avoid carjacking or theft from your car while you are stopped at intersections, drive with your doors locked and windows rolled up. Do not leave valuables in plain view.

There is little government presence in many remote areas of the Andes and Amazon basin. Illicit activities, such as illegal mining, logging, and coca production, are common.

Drug trafficking and other criminal activity, combined with poor infrastructure, limit the capability and effectiveness of Peruvian law enforcement in these areas.

The U.S. government has limited ability to provide emergency services to U.S. citizens along the Colombian border and in the VRAEM, as U.S. government personnel are restricted from traveling in these regions.

Demonstrations  occur frequently. They may take place in response to political or economic issues, on politically significant holidays, and during international events. 

• Demonstrations can be unpredictable; avoid areas around protests and demonstrations.
• Past demonstrations have turned violent.
• Check local media for updates and traffic advisories. 

International Financial Scams:  See the  Department of State  and the  FBI pages for information.

Financial scams are prevalent in Peru. Scams are often initiated through Internet postings/profiles or by unsolicited emails and letters. Scammers almost always pose as U.S. citizens who have no one else to turn to for help. Common scams include:

• Money transfers 
• Grandparent/Relative targeting 

Victims of Crime :  U.S. citizen victims of sexual assault are encouraged to contact the U.S. Embassy for assistance. Report crimes to the local police and contact the U.S. Embassy in Lima. Remember that local authorities are responsible for investigating and prosecuting crime.

• U.S. Embassy: +51-1-618-2000 (phone is answered 24 hours a day, seven days a week)
• Local police: 105 (National Police)
• Tourist Police: 0800-22221
• IPeru: 01-574-8000 (a tourist information service that has English-speaking personnel)

See our webpage on help for U.S. victims of crime overseas .

• Help you find appropriate medical care.
• Assist you with reporting a crime to the police.
• Contact relatives or friends with your written consent.
• Provide general information regarding the victim’s role during the local investigation and following its conclusion.
• Provide a list of local attorneys.
• Provide information on victims’ compensation programs in the United States .
• Provide information on assistance programs for victims of crime in Peru .
• Provide an emergency loan for repatriation to the United States and/or limited medical support in cases of destitution.
• Help you find accommodation and arrange flights home.
• Replace a stolen or lost passport.

Domestic Violence :  U.S. citizen victims of domestic violence are encouraged to contact the Embassy for assistance. Telephone (answered 24 hours): +51-1-618-2000

Tourism : The tourism industry, including adventure activities (e.g. paragliding, sandboarding, etc.), is unevenly regulated, and safety inspections for equipment and facilities do not commonly occur. Hazardous areas/activities are not always identified with appropriate signage, and staff may not be trained or certified either by the host government or by recognized authorities in the field. U.S. citizens are encouraged to pay attention to waiver and liability policies of tour companies, as they may vary or not exist. In the event of an injury, appropriate medical treatment is typically available only in/near major cities. First responders are generally unable to access areas outside of major cities and to provide urgent medical treatment. U.S. citizens are encouraged to purchase medical evacuation insurance . 

Local Laws & Special Circumstances

Criminal Penalties : You are subject to local laws. If you violate local laws, even unknowingly, you may be expelled, arrested, or imprisoned. Individuals establishing a business or practicing a profession that requires additional permits or licensing should seek information from the competent local authorities prior to practicing or operating a business.

Ayahuasca/Kambo/Hallucinogens:  Traditional hallucinogens, often referred to as ayahuasca or kambo, are often marketed to travelers as “ceremonies” or “spiritual cleansing,” and typically contain dimethyltryptamine (DMT), a strong hallucinogen that is illegal in the United States and many other countries.

• Intoxicated travelers, including U.S. citizens, have been sexually assaulted, injured, or robbed while under the influence of these substances.
• Health risks associated with ayahuasca are not well understood, and, on occasion, U.S. citizens have suffered serious illness or death after taking these drugs.
• These incidents often occur in remote areas and far away from modern medical facilities, making the risks even greater.
• Penalties for possessing, using, or trafficking in illegal drugs in Peru are severe.
• Offenders can expect long pre-trial detention and lengthy prison sentences under harsh conditions with significant expense for themselves and/or their families.
• Never agree to carry a suitcase or package through customs for anyone.
• Peru uses strict screening procedures for detecting narcotics smuggling at its international airports.

Customs Currency Regulations :

• $30,000 USD or its equivalent in cash or negotiable items is the maximum allowed for entry or exit.
• Any amount in excess of $10,000 USD must be declared and the legal source proven.

Artifacts :

• Peruvian law forbids the export of pre-Columbian objects and other artifacts protected by cultural patrimony statutes.
• U.S. customs officials are required to seize pre-Columbian objects and certain colonial religious artwork brought into the United States.

Animal Products/Plants :

• Avoid products made of wild plants and animals, as many are of illegal origin and may involve protected or endangered species, whose sale and export are illegal.
• Peruvian authorities will seize any protected species that is sold or transported, either live or transformed into food, medicinal beverages, leather, handcrafts, garments, etc.
• Some products, including live animals, require special permits when leaving Peru.
• Knowingly importing into the United States wildlife or plants that were taken from the wild or sold in violation of the laws of Peru (or any other country) is a violation of the Lacey Act (16 USC § 3371).

Furthermore, some laws are also prosecutable in the United States, regardless of local law. For examples, see our website on crimes against minors abroad and the Department of Justice website.

Arrest Notification : If you are arrested or detained, ask police or prison officials to notify the U.S. Embassy immediately. See our webpage for further information.

Special Circumstances : Many popular destinations in Peru are remote. These areas have few facilities that are able to provide advanced or emergency medical care.

• Local rescue capabilities are severely limited. Many mountain areas are too high for helicopters to reach safely. Accidents or injuries while hiking or climbing are common; crisis responders may take hours or even days to reach you if they are traveling over great distances and/or rough terrain.
• When using tourist company services, travelers are encouraged to use qualified and licensed operators. Many do not meet international safety standards. Inquire about safety standards prior to engaging in adventure activities. The Ministerio de Comercio Exterior y Turismo (Tourism Ministry) website provides information on tourism companies.
• Always check with local authorities before traveling about local geographic, climatic, health, and security conditions that may impact your safety.
• Be aware that you may not have access to phone or internet for days at a time. Check in with family prior to going to remote areas and leave detailed written plans and timetables. Use of a personal GPS beacon is encouraged.

Seismic Activity :  Earthquakes are common throughout Peru. On May 26, 2019, a magnitude 8.0 earthquake struck the Loreto region of Peru. One fatality in the Cajamarca region and 11 injuries as well as isolated power outages and some infrastructure damage were reported.

• Visit Peru’s National Emergency Operations Center (COEN) for more information.
• In the event of a natural disaster, monitor local media and government agencies, including IPeru , the Commission to Promote Peru for Exports and Tourism (PROMPERU) , and Peru’s National Meteorology and Hydrology Service (SENAMHI) for updates.
• WhatsApp: IPeru +51-944-492-314
• Twitter: @Promperu @COENPeru @SENAMHIPeru @Sismos_Peru_IGP
• Visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website for information on emergency preparedness and response.

Legal Issues in Peru :

• The legal system in Peru may require victims or their families to hire lawyers to advance their cases through the legal system, even for victims of serious crimes.
• U.S. citizens have reported unethical practices by lawyers and others, resulting in costly losses and little hope of remedy through the local judicial system.
• Peruvian laws are subject to change with little notice . The Peruvian government publishes little information in English. The U.S. Embassy cannot give detailed advice about Peruvian law.

Counterfeit and Pirated Goods : Although counterfeit and pirated goods are prevalent in many countries, they may still be illegal according to local laws. You may also pay fines or have to give them up if you bring them back to the United States. See the U.S. Department of Justice website for more information.

Faith-Based Travelers : See the following webpages for details:

• Faith-Based Travel Information
• International Religious Freedom Report – see country reports
• Human Rights Report – see country reports

LGBTQI+ Travelers : There are no legal restrictions on same-sex sexual relations or the organization of LGBTI events in Peru.

See our LGBTQI+ Travel Information page and section 6 of our Human Rights report for further details.

Travelers with Disabilities:  Peruvian law prohibits discrimination against persons with physical and mental disabilities, and the law is enforced.  Social acceptance of persons with disabilities in public is as prevalent as in the United States. The most common types of accessibility may include ramps, special cashiers for those with disabilities, and elevators. Expect accessibility to be limited in public transportation, and common in lodging, communication/information, and general infrastructure. There is a significant difference between Lima (and other large cities) and the rest of the country.

• Rental, repair, and replacement services are available for aids/equipment/devices.
• The Ministry of Foreign Affairs has a list of translators .

Students : See our Students Abroad page and FBI travel tips .

Women Travelers : See our travel tips for Women Travelers .

COVID-19 Testing:

• PCR and/or antigen tests are available for U.S. citizens in Peru, and test results are reliably available within one calendar day.
• Peru is able to test for COVID-19 in country. Private hospitals and laboratories as well as the Peruvian Ministry of Health (MINSA) are administering tests.
• U.S. citizens are responsible for their own COVID-19 testing costs.

COVID-19 Vaccines:

The COVID-19 vaccine is available for U.S. citizens to receive in Peru. Visit the FDA's website to  learn more about FDA-approved vaccines  in the United States.  

• Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna, AstraZeneca, and Sinopharm vaccines are available in Peru.
• For more information about the Peruvian Ministry of Health’s (MINSA) national vaccine strategy, see (in Spanish)  MINSA's website .

Medical Care :

• Specialized medical care can cost tens of thousands of dollars, and you are expected to pay in full at the time of discharge.
• Pharmacies are widely available. However, some medications might not be offered, and brand names will differ from products in the United States.
• Exercise caution if you explore herbal and folk remedies.

For emergency services in Peru, dial 113 .

Ambulance services are not present throughout the country or are unreliable in most areas except Lima and other major cities. Training and availability of emergency responders may be below U.S. standards. Injured or seriously ill travelers may prefer to take a taxi or private vehicle to the nearest major hospital rather than wait for an ambulance.

We do not pay medical bills . Be aware that U.S. Medicare/Medicaid does not apply overseas. Most hospitals and doctors overseas do not accept U.S. health insurance.

Medical Insurance : Make sure your health insurance plan provides coverage overseas. Most care providers overseas only accept cash payments. See our webpage for more information on insurance overseas. Visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for more information on type of insurance you should consider before you travel overseas.

We strongly recommend supplemental insurance to cover medical evacuation.

Always carry your prescription medication in original packaging, along with your doctor’s prescription. Check with the Government of Peru to ensure the medication is legal in Peru.

Vaccinations : Be up-to-date on all vaccinations recommended by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Further health information :

• World Health Organization
• U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Air Quality : Visit  AirNow Department of State  for information on air quality at U.S. Embassies and Consulates.

The U.S. Embassy maintains a list of doctors and hospitals . We do not endorse or recommend any specific medical provider or clinic.

Health Facilities in General:

• Adequate health facilities are available in Lima and other major cities, but health care in rural areas may be below U.S. standards.
• Public medical clinics lack basic resources and supplies.
• Hospitals and doctors often require payment “up front” prior to service or admission. Credit card payment is usually available. Some hospitals and medical professionals require cash payment.
• Private and public hospitals usually require advance payment or proof of adequate insurance before admitting a patient.
• Travelers should make efforts to obtain complete information on billing, pricing, and proposed medical procedures before agreeing to any medical care.
• Medical staff may speak little or no English.
• Generally, in public hospitals only minimal staff is available overnight in non-emergency wards.
• Patients bear all costs for transfer to or between hospitals if they do not have insurance.
• Psychological and psychiatric services are limited, even in the larger cities, with hospital-based care only available through government institutions.

Medical Tourism and Elective Surgery :

• U.S. citizens have suffered serious complications or died during or after having cosmetic or other elective surgery.
• Medical tourism is a rapidly growing industry. People seeking health care overseas should understand that medical systems operate differently from those in the United States and are not subject to the same rules and regulations. Anyone interested in traveling for medical purposes should consult with their local physician before traveling and visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website for information on Medical Tourism, the risks of medical tourism, and what you can do to prepare before traveling to Peru.
• We strongly recommend supplemental insurance to cover medical evacuation in the event of unforeseen medical complications.
• Your legal options in case of malpractice are very limited in Peru.
• Although Peru has many elective/cosmetic surgery facilities that are on par with those found in the United States, the quality of care varies widely. If you plan to undergo surgery in Peru, make sure that emergency medical facilities are available and professionals are accredited and qualified.

Pharmaceuticals:

• Exercise caution when purchasing medication overseas. Pharmaceuticals, both over the counter and requiring prescription in the United States, are often readily available for purchase with little controls. Counterfeit medication is common and may prove to be ineffective, the wrong strength, or contain dangerous ingredients. Medication should be purchased in consultation with a medical professional and from reputable establishments.
• U.S. Customs and Border Protection and the Food and Drug Administration are responsible for rules governing the transport of medication back to the United States. Medication purchased abroad must meet their requirements to be legally brought back into the United States. Medication should be for personal use and must be approved for usage in the United States. Please visit the  U.S. Customs and Border Protection  and the  Food and Drug Administration  websites for more information.   

Please review Peru's rules on medication .  

Non-Traditional Medicine:

• U.S. citizens have suffered serious complications or died while seeking medical care from non-traditional “healers” and practitioners in Peru. Ensure you have access to licensed emergency medical facilities in such cases.

Assisted Reproductive Technology and Surrogacy :

• If you are considering traveling to Peru to have a child through use of assisted reproductive technology, please see our ART and Surrogacy Abroad page .
• Surrogacy is illegal for foreigners in Peru, subject to complex local regulation.
• If you decide to pursue parenthood in Peru via assisted reproductive technology (ART) with a gestational mother, be prepared for long and unexpected delays in documenting your child’s citizenship. Be aware that individuals who attempt to circumvent local law risk criminal prosecution.

Water Quality:

• In many areas, tap water is not potable. Bottled water and beverages are generally safe, although you should be aware that many restaurants and hotels serve tap water unless bottled water is specifically requested. Be aware that ice for drinks may be made using tap water. 
• Many cities in Peru, such as Puno, Cusco, Arequipa, Ayacucho, and Huaraz, are at high altitude. Be aware of the symptoms of altitude sickness, and take precautions before you travel. Visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website for more information about  Travel to High Altitudes .

Adventure Travel:

• Visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website for more information about  Adventure Travel . 

General Health :

The following diseases are prevalent:

• Travelers’ Diarrhea
• Guillain-Barré Syndrome
• Hepatitis A and B
• Leishmaniasis
• Tuberculosis
• Yellow fever

Use the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended mosquito repellents and sleep under insecticide-impregnated mosquito nets. Chemoprophylaxis is recommended for all travelers even for short stays.  

HIV/AIDS: For more information visit MINSA’s website (in Spanish): https://www.dge.gob.pe/vih/ .

Visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website for more information about  Resources for Travelers  regarding specific issues in Peru.

Air Quality:

• Air pollution is a significant problem in several major cities in Peru. Consider the impact seasonal smog and heavy particulate pollution may have on you and consult your doctor before traveling if necessary.  
• Infants, children, and teen.
• People over 65 years of age.
• People with lung disease such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
• People with heart disease or diabetes.
• People who work or are active outdoors. 

Travel and Transportation

Road Conditions and Safety :  Driving conditions in Peru are very different from those found in the United States, and can be considerably more dangerous. Visitors are strongly encouraged to familiarize themselves with local law and driving customs before attempting to operate vehicles.

• Roads are often poorly maintained and may lack crash barriers, guard rails, signs, and streetlights.
• Fog is common on coastal and mountain highways, making conditions more treacherous.
• Slow-moving buses and trucks frequently stop in the middle of the road unexpectedly.
• Road travel at night is particularly hazardous. Due to safety concerns, U.S. Embassy personnel are prohibited from traveling on mountainous roads at night.
• Traveling in a group is preferable to solo travel. Spare tires, parts, and fuel are needed when traveling in remote areas, where distances between service areas are long.

Traffic Laws:  Traffic laws are often ignored and rarely enforced, creating dangerous conditions for drivers and pedestrians.

• Seat belts are mandatory for driver and front-seat passengers in a private vehicle.
• It is against the law to talk on a cellular phone while driving, and violators may be fined.
• When driving in urban areas, taxis and buses often block lanes impeding traffic.
• Directional signals are often not used, and vehicles frequently turn from the middle through traffic lanes.
• While driving outside major cities and on the Pan-American Highway, you must drive with your lights on.
• Traffic officers must wear uniforms and identification cards that include their last name on their chest.
• Traffic officers are not allowed to retain your personal identification or vehicle documents.
• Under no circumstances should you offer or agree to pay money to traffic officers.
• If you are involved in an accident, you MUST contact local police and remain at the scene without moving your vehicle until the authorities arrive. This rule is strictly enforced, and moving a vehicle or leaving the scene of an accident may constitute an admission of guilt under Peruvian law.
• If your car is a rental, call the agency or representative of the insurance company provided by the rental agency.
• Always carry your driver's license, a copy of your passport, and the rental agreement when you drive a rental car.
• International driver's licenses are valid for one year, while driver's licenses from other countries are generally valid for 30 days.

Public Transportation : Many buses are overcrowded, poorly maintained, and lack safety features such as seat belts.

• Bus accidents resulting in multiple deaths and injuries are common due to routes along narrow, winding roads without a shoulder and steep drop-offs.
• Accidents are frequently attributed to excessive speed, poor bus maintenance, poor road conditions, and driver fatigue.
• Individuals should use private taxi companies or car-share applications when traveling as opposed to hailing taxis on the side of the road for safety.

See our Road Safety page for more information. Visit the website of Peru’s  national tourist office  and national authority responsible for road safety. 

Aviation Safety Oversight : The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has assessed the government of Peru’s Civil Aviation Authority as being in compliance with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) aviation safety standards for oversight of Peru’s air carrier operations. Further information may be found on the FAA’s safety assessment page .

Maritime Travel : Mariners planning travel to Peru should check for U.S. maritime advisories and alerts . Information may also be posted to the U.S. Coast Guard homeport website , and the NGA broadcast warnings .

For additional travel information

• Enroll in the  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP)  to receive security messages and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
• Call us in Washington, D.C. at 1-888-407-4747 (toll-free in the United States and Canada) or 1-202-501-4444 (from all other countries) from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, Monday through Friday (except U.S. federal holidays).
• See the  State Department’s travel website  for the  Worldwide Caution  and  Travel Advisories .
• Follow us on  Twitter  and  Facebook .
• See  traveling safely abroad  for useful travel tips.

Peru was cited in the State Department’s 2022 Annual Report to Congress on International Child Abduction for demonstrating a pattern of non-compliance with respect to international parental child abduction. Review information about International Parental Child Abduction in  Peru . For additional IPCA-related information, please see the  International Child Abduction Prevention and Return Act ( ICAPRA )  report.

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Medical Tourism

Identifying the top hospitals for laparoscopic hysterectomy in peru.

When it comes to undergoing a laparoscopic hysterectomy in Peru, one of the most critical decisions you'll make is choosing the right hospital. This choice significantly affects the outcome of your procedure. In this comprehensive article, we will guide you through the world of laparoscopic hysterectomy, help you understand the criteria for selecting the ideal hospital, discuss potential risks and outcomes, and emphasize the pivotal role of the patient experience in making the best decision.

Understanding Laparoscopic Hysterectomy

A laparoscopic hysterectomy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure performed to remove the uterus. It involves several small incisions through which specialized instruments and a camera are inserted, allowing the surgeon to visualize and remove the uterus.

The essential steps of a laparoscopic hysterectomy include:

• Anesthesia: Patients receive anesthesia to ensure comfort and pain relief during the surgery.
• Incisions: Small incisions are made in the abdominal wall to accommodate laparoscopic instruments and a camera.
• Uterus Removal: The surgeon employs specialized instruments and laparoscope guidance to detach and remove the uterus.
• Closure: The incisions are closed using sutures or staples.

Criteria for Choosing the Right Hospital

Selecting the right hospital for your laparoscopic hysterectomy in Peru is paramount to a successful outcome. Here are the key criteria to consider:

1. Surgical Expertise

Look for hospitals with a strong track record of performing laparoscopic hysterectomies. Inquire about their expertise and experience in handling complex cases.

2. Accreditation

Ensure that the hospital is accredited by relevant healthcare authorities. Accreditation demonstrates adherence to high standards of care and safety.

3. Patient Reviews

Check patient reviews and testimonials to gauge the hospital's reputation and the satisfaction of previous patients. Positive patient experiences are often indicators of a hospital's competence.

4. Technology and Facilities

Evaluate the hospital's technological capabilities and facilities. Modern equipment and advanced technology can contribute to a smoother and more precise surgery.

5. Multidisciplinary Team

Consider hospitals with a multidisciplinary team that includes skilled surgeons, anesthesiologists, and nurses. Collaboration among specialists enhances patient care.

Potential Risks and Outcomes

While laparoscopic hysterectomy is generally safe, it's essential to be aware of potential risks. Common risks associated with the procedure include:

• Injury to nearby organs
• Adverse reactions to anesthesia
• Blood clots

The likelihood of these risks varies based on individual health factors and the hospital's adherence to safety protocols. Discuss these potential complications with your surgeon to understand how they are mitigated.

Regarding outcomes, laparoscopic hysterectomy offers several advantages:

• Faster recovery compared to open surgery
• Reduced postoperative pain
• Smaller incisions with minimal scarring
• Improved quality of life for individuals with underlying gynecological conditions

The Importance of the Patient Experience

The patient experience is a crucial factor in your healthcare journey. It encompasses not only the medical care you receive but also the emotional and logistical aspects of your treatment. When choosing a hospital for your laparoscopic hysterectomy, consider the following aspects of the patient experience:

1. Communication

Select a hospital known for clear and effective communication. Open and transparent communication can alleviate anxiety and ensure you are well-informed about your treatment plan.

2. Supportive Care

Evaluate the hospital's environment for a supportive and comfortable setting. Supportive care can contribute to a smoother recovery and a positive overall experience.

3. Postoperative Care

Discuss the hospital's postoperative care plan, including follow-up appointments and any necessary support services. Adequate aftercare is essential for a successful recovery.

Making an Informed Decision

In conclusion, selecting the right hospital for your laparoscopic hysterectomy in Peru involves a careful assessment of surgical expertise, accreditation, patient reviews, technology and facilities, and the presence of a multidisciplinary team. It's also crucial to understand potential risks and expected outcomes.

Remember that the patient experience plays a pivotal role in your healthcare journey. Prioritize hospitals that prioritize your well-being, providing not only medical care but also emotional support during this significant medical event.

While you may be considering treatment in Peru, we highly recommend seeking a free second opinion from a trusted member of the Global Provider Network (GPN), such as Hospital Clínica Bíblica in Costa Rica. They have a proven track record of excellence in healthcare and patient experience. You can contact them here: Contact Clínica Bíblica

Similarly, Pacifica Salud Hospital in Panama is another prominent member of the Global Provider Network. They offer high-quality medical services and can provide a second opinion for your laparoscopic hysterectomy. Contact them here: Contact Pacifica Salud Hospital

The Global Provider Network (GPN) ensures swift access to healthcare providers with pre-negotiated discounts and commissions, benefiting both referral organizations and healthcare providers. To learn more about joining the Global Provider Network, visit this link: Join the Global Provider Network

Choosing the right hospital for your laparoscopic hysterectomy is a significant decision. By considering all aspects of your care, from expertise to the patient experience, you can ensure a smoother and successful healthcare journey.

Leading Centers for Digestive Health Procedures

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The Medical Tourism Magazine (MTM), known as the “voice” of the medical tourism industry, provides members and key industry experts with the opportunity to share important developments, initiatives, themes, topics and trends that make the medical tourism industry the booming market it is today.

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Peru Traveler View

Travel health notices, vaccines and medicines, non-vaccine-preventable diseases, stay healthy and safe.

• Packing List

After Your Trip

Be aware of current health issues in Peru. Learn how to protect yourself.

Level 1 Practice Usual Precautions

• Dengue in the Americas May 16, 2024 Dengue is a risk in many parts of Central and South America, Mexico, and the Caribbean. Some countries are reporting increased numbers of cases of the disease. Travelers to the Americas can protect themselves by preventing mosquito bites. Destination List: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Curaçao, Ecuador, including the Galápagos Islands, French Guiana (France), Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Martinique (France), Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay
• Oropouche Fever in South America April 24, 2024 There are outbreaks of Oropouche fever in parts of Brazil, Bolivia, and Peru. Travelers to affected areas should take steps to avoid bug bites. Destination List: Bolivia, Brazil, Peru

⇧ Top

Check the vaccines and medicines list and visit your doctor at least a month before your trip to get vaccines or medicines you may need. If you or your doctor need help finding a location that provides certain vaccines or medicines, visit the Find a Clinic page.

Routine vaccines

Recommendations.

Make sure you are up-to-date on all routine vaccines before every trip. Some of these vaccines include

• Chickenpox (Varicella)
• Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis
• Flu (influenza)
• Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR)

Immunization schedules

All eligible travelers should be up to date with their COVID-19 vaccines. Please see  Your COVID-19 Vaccination  for more information. 

COVID-19 vaccine

Hepatitis A

Recommended for unvaccinated travelers one year old or older going to Peru.

Infants 6 to 11 months old should also be vaccinated against Hepatitis A. The dose does not count toward the routine 2-dose series.

Travelers allergic to a vaccine component or who are younger than 6 months should receive a single dose of immune globulin, which provides effective protection for up to 2 months depending on dosage given.

Unvaccinated travelers who are over 40 years old, immunocompromised, or have chronic medical conditions planning to depart to a risk area in less than 2 weeks should get the initial dose of vaccine and at the same appointment receive immune globulin.

Hepatitis A - CDC Yellow Book

Dosing info - Hep A

Hepatitis B

Recommended for unvaccinated travelers younger than 60 years old traveling to Peru. Unvaccinated travelers 60 years and older may get vaccinated before traveling to Peru.

Hepatitis B - CDC Yellow Book

Dosing info - Hep B

CDC recommends that travelers going to certain areas of Peru take prescription medicine to prevent malaria. Depending on the medicine you take, you will need to start taking this medicine multiple days before your trip, as well as during and after your trip. Talk to your doctor about which malaria medication you should take.

Find  country-specific information  about malaria.

Malaria - CDC Yellow Book

Considerations when choosing a drug for malaria prophylaxis (CDC Yellow Book)

Malaria information for Peru.

Cases of measles are on the rise worldwide. Travelers are at risk of measles if they have not been fully vaccinated at least two weeks prior to departure, or have not had measles in the past, and travel internationally to areas where measles is spreading.

All international travelers should be fully vaccinated against measles with the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, including an early dose for infants 6–11 months, according to  CDC’s measles vaccination recommendations for international travel .

Measles (Rubeola) - CDC Yellow Book

Rabid dogs are commonly found in Peru. If you are bitten or scratched by a dog or other mammal while in Peru, there may be limited or no rabies treatment available. 

Consider rabies vaccination before your trip if your activities mean you will be around dogs or wildlife.

Travelers more likely to encounter rabid animals include

• Campers, adventure travelers, or cave explorers (spelunkers)
• Veterinarians, animal handlers, field biologists, or laboratory workers handling animal specimens
• Visitors to rural areas

Since children are more likely to be bitten or scratched by a dog or other animals, consider rabies vaccination for children traveling to Peru. 

Rabies - CDC Yellow Book

Recommended for most travelers, especially those staying with friends or relatives or visiting smaller cities or rural areas.

Typhoid - CDC Yellow Book

Dosing info - Typhoid

Yellow Fever

Recommended for travelers ≥9 months old going to areas <2,300 m (≈7,550 ft) elevation in the regions of Amazonas, Cusco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno, San Martín, and Ucayali, and designated areas of Ancash (far northeast), Apurímac (far north), Ayacucho (north and northeast), Cajamarca (north and east), Huancavelica (far north), La Libertad (east), and Piura (east). Generally not recommended for travel limited to the following areas west of the Andes: the regions of Lambayeque and Tumbes, and designated areas of Cajamarca (west-central), and Piura (west). Not recommended for travel limited to areas >2,300 m (≈7,550 ft) elevation, areas west of the Andes not listed above, the city of Lima (the capital), and the highland tourist areas (the city of Cusco, the Inca Trail, and Machu Picchu).

Yellow Fever - CDC Yellow Book

Avoid contaminated water

Leptospirosis

How most people get sick (most common modes of transmission)

• Touching urine or other body fluids from an animal infected with leptospirosis
• Swimming or wading in urine-contaminated fresh water, or contact with urine-contaminated mud
• Drinking water or eating food contaminated with animal urine
• Avoid contaminated water and soil

Clinical Guidance

Avoid bug bites, chagas disease (american trypanosomiasis).

• Accidentally rub feces (poop) of the triatomine bug into the bug bite, other breaks in the skin, your eyes, or mouth
• From pregnant woman to her baby, contaminated blood products (transfusions), or contaminated food or drink.
• Avoid Bug Bites

Chagas disease

• Mosquito bite

Leishmaniasis

• Sand fly bite
• An infected pregnant woman can spread it to her unborn baby

Airborne & droplet

• Breathing in air or accidentally eating food contaminated with the urine, droppings, or saliva of infected rodents
• Bite from an infected rodent
• Less commonly, being around someone sick with hantavirus (only occurs with Andes virus)
• Avoid rodents and areas where they live
• Avoid sick people

Tuberculosis (TB)

• Breathe in TB bacteria that is in the air from an infected and contagious person coughing, speaking, or singing.

Learn actions you can take to stay healthy and safe on your trip. Vaccines cannot protect you from many diseases in Peru, so your behaviors are important.

Eat and drink safely

Food and water standards around the world vary based on the destination. Standards may also differ within a country and risk may change depending on activity type (e.g., hiking versus business trip). You can learn more about safe food and drink choices when traveling by accessing the resources below.

• Choose Safe Food and Drinks When Traveling
• Water Treatment Options When Hiking, Camping or Traveling
• Global Water, Sanitation and Hygiene | Healthy Water
• Avoid Contaminated Water During Travel

You can also visit the Department of State Country Information Pages for additional information about food and water safety.

Prevent bug bites

Bugs (like mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas) can spread a number of diseases in Peru. Many of these diseases cannot be prevented with a vaccine or medicine. You can reduce your risk by taking steps to prevent bug bites.

What can I do to prevent bug bites?

• Cover exposed skin by wearing long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and hats.
• Use an appropriate insect repellent (see below).
• Use permethrin-treated clothing and gear (such as boots, pants, socks, and tents). Do not use permethrin directly on skin.
• Stay and sleep in air-conditioned or screened rooms.
• Use a bed net if the area where you are sleeping is exposed to the outdoors.

What type of insect repellent should I use?

• FOR PROTECTION AGAINST TICKS AND MOSQUITOES: Use a repellent that contains 20% or more DEET for protection that lasts up to several hours.
• Picaridin (also known as KBR 3023, Bayrepel, and icaridin)
• Oil of lemon eucalyptus (OLE) or para-menthane-diol (PMD)
• 2-undecanone
• Always use insect repellent as directed.

What should I do if I am bitten by bugs?

• Avoid scratching bug bites, and apply hydrocortisone cream or calamine lotion to reduce the itching.
• Check your entire body for ticks after outdoor activity. Be sure to remove ticks properly.

What can I do to avoid bed bugs?

Although bed bugs do not carry disease, they are an annoyance. See our information page about avoiding bug bites for some easy tips to avoid them. For more information on bed bugs, see Bed Bugs .

For more detailed information on avoiding bug bites, see Avoid Bug Bites .

Some diseases in Peru—such as dengue, Zika, louse-borne typhus, and Chagas disease—are spread by bugs and cannot be prevented with a vaccine. Follow the insect avoidance measures described above to prevent these and other illnesses.

Stay safe outdoors

If your travel plans in Peru include outdoor activities, take these steps to stay safe and healthy during your trip.

• Stay alert to changing weather conditions and adjust your plans if conditions become unsafe.
• Prepare for activities by wearing the right clothes and packing protective items, such as bug spray, sunscreen, and a basic first aid kit.
• Consider learning basic first aid and CPR before travel. Bring a travel health kit with items appropriate for your activities.
• If you are outside for many hours in heat, eat salty snacks and drink water to stay hydrated and replace salt lost through sweating.
• Protect yourself from UV radiation : use sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15, wear protective clothing, and seek shade during the hottest time of day (10 a.m.–4 p.m.).
• Be especially careful during summer months and at high elevation. Because sunlight reflects off snow, sand, and water, sun exposure may be increased during activities like skiing, swimming, and sailing.
• Very cold temperatures can be dangerous. Dress in layers and cover heads, hands, and feet properly if you are visiting a cold location.

Stay safe around water

• Swim only in designated swimming areas. Obey lifeguards and warning flags on beaches.
• Practice safe boating—follow all boating safety laws, do not drink alcohol if driving a boat, and always wear a life jacket.
• Do not dive into shallow water.
• Do not swim in freshwater in developing areas or where sanitation is poor.
• Avoid swallowing water when swimming. Untreated water can carry germs that make you sick.
• To prevent infections, wear shoes on beaches where there may be animal waste.

Many popular destinations in Peru, such as Machu Picchu, are at high altitudes. You may experience altitude sickness as a result. Talk to your doctor about ways to prevent and treat altitude sickness.

See Travel to High Altitudes .

Leptospirosis, a bacterial infection that can be spread in fresh water, is found in Peru. Avoid swimming in fresh, unchlorinated water, such as lakes, ponds, or rivers.

Keep away from animals

Most animals avoid people, but they may attack if they feel threatened, are protecting their young or territory, or if they are injured or ill. Animal bites and scratches can lead to serious diseases such as rabies.

Follow these tips to protect yourself:

• Do not touch or feed any animals you do not know.
• Do not allow animals to lick open wounds, and do not get animal saliva in your eyes or mouth.
• Avoid rodents and their urine and feces.
• Traveling pets should be supervised closely and not allowed to come in contact with local animals.
• If you wake in a room with a bat, seek medical care immediately. Bat bites may be hard to see.

All animals can pose a threat, but be extra careful around dogs, bats, monkeys, sea animals such as jellyfish, and snakes. If you are bitten or scratched by an animal, immediately:

• Wash the wound with soap and clean water.
• Go to a doctor right away.
• Tell your doctor about your injury when you get back to the United States.

Consider buying medical evacuation insurance. Rabies is a deadly disease that must be treated quickly, and treatment may not be available in some countries.

Reduce your exposure to germs

Follow these tips to avoid getting sick or spreading illness to others while traveling:

• Wash your hands often, especially before eating.
• If soap and water aren’t available, clean hands with hand sanitizer (containing at least 60% alcohol).
• Don’t touch your eyes, nose, or mouth. If you need to touch your face, make sure your hands are clean.
• Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or your sleeve (not your hands) when coughing or sneezing.
• Try to avoid contact with people who are sick.
• If you are sick, stay home or in your hotel room, unless you need medical care.

Avoid sharing body fluids

Diseases can be spread through body fluids, such as saliva, blood, vomit, and semen.

Protect yourself:

• Use latex condoms correctly.
• Do not inject drugs.
• Limit alcohol consumption. People take more risks when intoxicated.
• Do not share needles or any devices that can break the skin. That includes needles for tattoos, piercings, and acupuncture.
• If you receive medical or dental care, make sure the equipment is disinfected or sanitized.

Know how to get medical care while traveling

Plan for how you will get health care during your trip, should the need arise:

• Carry a list of local doctors and hospitals at your destination.
• Review your health insurance plan to determine what medical services it would cover during your trip. Consider purchasing travel health and medical evacuation insurance.
• Carry a card that identifies, in the local language, your blood type, chronic conditions or serious allergies, and the generic names of any medications you take.
• Some prescription drugs may be illegal in other countries. Call Peru’s embassy to verify that all of your prescription(s) are legal to bring with you.
• Bring all the medicines (including over-the-counter medicines) you think you might need during your trip, including extra in case of travel delays. Ask your doctor to help you get prescriptions filled early if you need to.

Many foreign hospitals and clinics are accredited by the Joint Commission International. A list of accredited facilities is available at their website ( www.jointcommissioninternational.org ).

In some countries, medicine (prescription and over-the-counter) may be substandard or counterfeit. Bring the medicines you will need from the United States to avoid having to buy them at your destination.

Malaria is a risk in some parts of Peru. If you are going to a risk area, fill your malaria prescription before you leave, and take enough with you for the entire length of your trip. Follow your doctor’s instructions for taking the pills; some need to be started before you leave.

Select safe transportation

Motor vehicle crashes are the #1 killer of healthy US citizens in foreign countries.

In many places cars, buses, large trucks, rickshaws, bikes, people on foot, and even animals share the same lanes of traffic, increasing the risk for crashes.

Be smart when you are traveling on foot.

• Use sidewalks and marked crosswalks.
• Pay attention to the traffic around you, especially in crowded areas.
• Remember, people on foot do not always have the right of way in other countries.

Riding/Driving

Choose a safe vehicle.

• Choose official taxis or public transportation, such as trains and buses.
• Ride only in cars that have seatbelts.
• Avoid overcrowded, overloaded, top-heavy buses and minivans.
• Avoid riding on motorcycles or motorbikes, especially motorbike taxis. (Many crashes are caused by inexperienced motorbike drivers.)
• Choose newer vehicles—they may have more safety features, such as airbags, and be more reliable.
• Choose larger vehicles, which may provide more protection in crashes.

Think about the driver.

• Do not drive after drinking alcohol or ride with someone who has been drinking.
• Consider hiring a licensed, trained driver familiar with the area.
• Arrange payment before departing.

Follow basic safety tips.

• Wear a seatbelt at all times.
• Sit in the back seat of cars and taxis.
• When on motorbikes or bicycles, always wear a helmet. (Bring a helmet from home, if needed.)
• Avoid driving at night; street lighting in certain parts of Peru may be poor.
• Do not use a cell phone or text while driving (illegal in many countries).
• Travel during daylight hours only, especially in rural areas.
• If you choose to drive a vehicle in Peru, learn the local traffic laws and have the proper paperwork.
• Get any driving permits and insurance you may need. Get an International Driving Permit (IDP). Carry the IDP and a US-issued driver's license at all times.
• Check with your auto insurance policy's international coverage, and get more coverage if needed. Make sure you have liability insurance.
• Avoid using local, unscheduled aircraft.
• If possible, fly on larger planes (more than 30 seats); larger airplanes are more likely to have regular safety inspections.
• Try to schedule flights during daylight hours and in good weather.

Medical Evacuation Insurance

If you are seriously injured, emergency care may not be available or may not meet US standards. Trauma care centers are uncommon outside urban areas. Having medical evacuation insurance can be helpful for these reasons.

Helpful Resources

Road Safety Overseas (Information from the US Department of State): Includes tips on driving in other countries, International Driving Permits, auto insurance, and other resources.

The Association for International Road Travel has country-specific Road Travel Reports available for most countries for a minimal fee.

For information traffic safety and road conditions in Peru, see Travel and Transportation on US Department of State's country-specific information for Peru .

Maintain personal security

Use the same common sense traveling overseas that you would at home, and always stay alert and aware of your surroundings.

Before you leave

• Research your destination(s), including local laws, customs, and culture.
• Monitor travel advisories and alerts and read travel tips from the US Department of State.
• Enroll in the Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP) .
• Leave a copy of your itinerary, contact information, credit cards, and passport with someone at home.
• Pack as light as possible, and leave at home any item you could not replace.

While at your destination(s)

• Carry contact information for the nearest US embassy or consulate .
• Carry a photocopy of your passport and entry stamp; leave the actual passport securely in your hotel.
• Follow all local laws and social customs.
• Do not wear expensive clothing or jewelry.
• Always keep hotel doors locked, and store valuables in secure areas.
• If possible, choose hotel rooms between the 2nd and 6th floors.

To call for emergency services while in Peru, dial 116 for the fire department and 105 for the police. Write these numbers down to carry with you during your trip.

Learn as much as you can about Peru before you travel there. A good place to start is the country-specific information on Peru from the US Department of State.

Healthy Travel Packing List

Use the Healthy Travel Packing List for Peru for a list of health-related items to consider packing for your trip. Talk to your doctor about which items are most important for you.

Why does CDC recommend packing these health-related items?

It’s best to be prepared to prevent and treat common illnesses and injuries. Some supplies and medicines may be difficult to find at your destination, may have different names, or may have different ingredients than what you normally use.

If you are not feeling well after your trip, you may need to see a doctor. If you need help finding a travel medicine specialist, see Find a Clinic . Be sure to tell your doctor about your travel, including where you went and what you did on your trip. Also tell your doctor if you were bitten or scratched by an animal while traveling.

If your doctor prescribed antimalarial medicine for your trip, keep taking the rest of your pills after you return home. If you stop taking your medicine too soon, you could still get sick.

Malaria is always a serious disease and may be a deadly illness. If you become ill with a fever either while traveling in a malaria-risk area or after you return home (for up to 1 year), you should seek immediate medical attention and should tell the doctor about your travel history.

For more information on what to do if you are sick after your trip, see Getting Sick after Travel .

Map Disclaimer - The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on maps do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement are generally marked.

Other Destinations

If you need help finding travel information:

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• The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website.
• Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website.
• You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link.
• CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website.

Appointments at Mayo Clinic

• International Services at Mayo Clinic

Peru Information Office

Luisa Fort, Mayo Clinic's representative in Peru

Mayo Clinic has an information office for patients, their families and referring physicians in Lima, Peru. Spanish-speaking staff can answer your questions and help you communicate with Mayo Clinic locations in the United States (Jacksonville, Florida; Phoenix/Scottsdale, Arizona; and Rochester, Minnesota).

Free services include:

• Help in scheduling appointments
• General orientation to Mayo Clinic
• Travel and lodging assistance
• Follow-up on previous visits to Mayo Clinic (medical reports, billing, insurance) and coordination of future visits

This office does not provide medical care.

Contact Information

• Telephone: + 51-1-771-0029
• Mobile phone: + 51-99-810-2351
• [email protected]

Centro Empresarial Labok Av. Mariscal La Mar 750, Oficina 206 Miraflores, Lima, Peru

Office Hours

9 a.m. to 1 p.m., Monday through Friday

• Medical Departments & Centers
• International locations
• Peru Office

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52 Tips for Responsible and Sustainable Tourism

S ustainable Tourism, also known as Responsible Tourism, creates better communities to live in and better destinations to visit.  It minimizes negative economic, environmental and social impacts of travel.

With Responsible Tourism, travelers often enjoy otherwise remote locations while making positive contributions to the conservation of natural and cultural heritage.  At times, there is even a volunteer component.  To follow are my all-time favorite 52 perfect travel tips and places to visit for responsible tourism. 

1. Support Remote Villages

Visit the remote villages at the foothills of the Eastern Himalayas in India to observe Nepalese folk dances, songs and skits showcasing an amazing local history. Supporting local communities is important in eco-tourism.

2. See the Ngorongoro Crater in Tanzania

Travel to the Ngorongoro Crater in Tanzania.  With its 2000 feet high walls, you can expect to see lions, elephants, giraffes, zebras, cheetahs, hippos, flamingos, jackals, rhinos, antelopes, many birds and other animals.

3. Visit Katitawa Salasaca in Ecuador

Visit the Katitawa Salasaca Community located near the village of Baños, Ecuador for volunteer work with children at local school.  This amazing program was reviewed in the New York Times.

4. Blyde River Canyon and the Three Rondawels in Mpumalanga

Check out the Blyde River Canyon and the Three Rondawels in Mpumalanga, South Africa.  This canyon consists mostly of red sandstone and is one of the largest canyons on Earth.  The huge, round rocks, are thought to be reminiscent of the houses or huts of the indigenous people, known as rondavels.

5. Knuckles Mountain Range in Sri Lanka

The Knuckles Mountain Range in Sri Lanka, a newly designated UNESCO World Heritage Site, is known for ecotourism and rare untouched beauty.

6. Humacchuco in Peru

Enjoy a visit to Humacchuco in Peru for a day of untouched mountain beauty, authentic food and gorgeous vistas.

7. Pramuka Island’s Coral Reef in Indonesia

Witness the dedication to preserving Pramuka Island’s coral reefs by observing coral reef evaluation procedures, and then set off on an exciting island exploration adventure.

8. See Qutab Minar in Delhi

Make a trip to Qutab Minar (also known as Qutb Minar) located in Delhi .  Built in 1192, it is the tallest minaret tower, Humanyun’s Tomb and an UNESCO World Heritage Site.

9. Akchour Village in Morocco

Visit Akchour Village, Morocco, for viewing the amazing waterfalls and hiking to the natural arch named God’s Bridge.

10. Train from Kandy to Rozella

Travel aboard an antique train from Kandy to Rozella, both in Sri Lanka, to experience views of one of the highest concentrations of waterfalls in the world

11. Visit Freiberg, Germany Sustainable Model District

Visit Freiberg, Germany known as the jewel of the black forest.  The community is a “sustainable model district” and uses solar power is used to power many of the households.  There is a farmers’ market every day except Sundays and Freiberg is a foodie heaven and most restaurant kitchens use local ingredients.

12. Visit Fort McMurray, Alberta for the the Aurora Borealis

The shimmering, neon green curtain of the Northern Lights also known as the Aurora Borealis makes for unforgettable nights in Edmonton.  Head north to Fort McMurray , Alberta’s northernmost city, to experience the mysteries of constellations that spellbind residents and visitors alike in the crisp night sky. For the best Northern lights viewing head a few minutes out of town.

13. Visit the Chimborazo Fauna Reserve Ecuador

Travel to the Chimborazo Fauna Reserve Community in the center of Ecuador, volunteer with a local school at more than 10,000 feet in elevation; enjoy spectacular panoramas of the upper Andes.

14. See the Grasslands of Gorumara Park in Dooars

Experience the grasslands of Gorumara Park in Dooars, India for sighting the Asiatic one-horned rhino as well as many elephants.  Gorumara offers great diversity of plants and animals as well as a large variety of flora and fauna.

15. Murchison Falls National Park in Uganda

Visit Murchison Falls National Park, Uganda where the mighty River Nile explodes through a narrow gorge with deafening perfection.

16. Play Soccer in Vicos, Peru

Immerse yourself in the soccer-crazed community of Vicos, Peru, by engaging in a friendly game with the locals. Afterwards, connect with the heart of the community by interacting with the school children.

17. Visit the Ancient Sri Lankan Veddhas Tribe

Embark on an unforgettable journey to encounter the elusive Veddah tribe, Sri Lanka’s ancient inhabitants. Guided by these skilled hunters, you’ll venture into the heart of the wilderness to witness the majestic wild elephants in their natural habitat.

18. Red Fort UNESCO World Heritage Site

Take a tour of Red Fort UNESCO World Heritage Site and Jama Masjid, the biggest mosque of India and a wonderful preservation of Indian heritage.

19. Explore Yellowstone in Wyoming

Check out Yellowstone in Wyoming for the charismatic wolves.  Reintroduced in 1995, these amazing predators often make an appearance in Lamar Valley.  Also, likely to be seen are elk, bison, coyote, bear, moose and deer.

20. See the Baobab Trees in Tanzania

Soaring high above the plains of Arusha, Tanzania, the majestic baobab trees stand as silent sentinels, their colossal trunks reaching up to 98 feet into the sky. These gentle giants dwarf the creatures that gather beneath their shade, even the mighty elephants, of which up to six thousand may roam the region.

21. Moholoholo Wildlife Rehabilitation Center in South Africa

Travel to the Moholoholo Wildlife Rehabilitation Center in Hoedspruit, South Africa to learn about local conservation efforts.  Visit orphaned, injured and even poisoned animals, get an ‘up close and personal’ experience of these incredible creatures.  Attend a guided tour during which they hear about these problems and the challenges associated with conservation and habitat protection.

22. Great Bear Rainforest in British Columbia

Visit the pristine wilderness of the Great Bear Rainforest in British Columbia, Canada where you can stay at the eco-lodge, King Pacific Lodge on a fishing trip.

23. Explore the Visit the Galapagos Islands

Embark on an unforgettable adventure to the Galapagos Islands, a sanctuary of breathtaking natural beauty and extraordinary wildlife. Where the weather is perpetually perfect and 97% of the islands are protected, you’ll encounter a menagerie of otherworldly creatures that will leave you awestruck.

Encounter the captivating pink iguanas, their vibrant scales adorning the volcanic landscapes. Admire the unique blue-footed boobies, their nimble feet carrying them across the rugged terrain.

Marvel at the Sally Lightfoot crabs, their nimble movements painting the shores with bursts of color. And don’t miss the opportunity to witness the majestic giant tortoises, their ancient shells bearing witness to the islands’ rich history.

24. Talassemtane National Park in Morocco

Travel to the National Reserve of Talassemtane National Park in Morocco.  This location is currently being considered as a UNESCO World Heritage site due to the rare endemic species of fir trees.  Moroccan Fir is unique only in this particular place.

25. Hawksbill Turtle Hatchery in Jakarta Bay

Visit a Hawksbill turtle hatchery in Jakarta Bay, Indonesia to get hands-on experience with these amazing creatures.

26. Build an Adobe Mud in Peru

Try participating in building an adobe mud kitchen construction to include cooking source installation in the Andes Mountains of Peru.

27. Try a Sri Lankan River Bath

Participate in a local Sri Lankan custom of an unforgettable river bath experience.  Explore the riverbanks viewing amazing flora and extensive wildlife or enjoy a tuk-tuk ride back to the village of Kandy.

28. Visit the Taj Mahal in Agra

Visit perhaps the most famous and beautiful monument of love; the Taj Mahal in Agra, India.  It was commissioned by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan for his pretty wife Mumtaz Mahal and is designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

29. Learn About Hydroelectricity in Jaldhaka

Travel to Jaldhaka, India famous for the Hydel Power Station.  The cost of hydroelectricity is relatively low, making it a competitive source of renewable electricity. The hydroelectric complex produces no direct waste and has a considerably lower output level of greenhouse gas carbon dioxide than fossil fuel-powered energy plants.

30. Visit El Yunque National Forest in Puerto Rico

Journey to the Caribbean Island of Puerto Rico in the Greater Antilles group for El Yunque National Forest.  It is the sole tropical rain forest in the U.S. National Forest System and offers a stunning example of immense biodiversity.

31. Visit Mayan Ruins in Belize

Visit the Mayan ruins in Altun-Ha, Belize then enjoys a nature viewing cruise down the Belize River for sightings of crocodiles, manatee, iguanas, exotic birds, bats and monkeys.

32. See the Wildlife in Kampala, Uganda

View elephants, buffalo, bushbucks, lions, hippos, crocodiles, and a variety of bird species outside Kampala, Uganda.

33. Cotopaxi National Park n Ecuador

Travel to Cotopaxi National Park is a protected area in Ecuador.  The volcano that lends its name to the park is located within its boundaries and is among the tallest active volcanoes in the world.

34. Visit the UNESCO World Heritage Site, Uluru

Visit with Aboriginals at the UNESCO World Heritage Site, Uluru, also known as Ayers Rock. The area is home to a plethora of springs, waterholes, rock caves and ancient paintings.

35. See the Sigiriya Rock Fortress in Sri Lanka

35. Explore the UNESCO World Heritage Site from the 5th century A.D. Sigiriya Rock Fortress in the Matale District of Sri Lanka.  This unforgettable lion rock citadel is also renowned for its ancient paintings.

36. Explore Huaraz, Peru

Take a panoramic seven-hour journey to the remote Peruvian town of Huaraz.  The spectacular landscapes along the way will amaze as you ascend to the 10,000+ feet altitude!

37. Lake Manyara in Tanzania

Lake Manyara in Tanzania is a serene and beautiful alkaline lake that hosts thousands of flamingos and a diversity of other bird life.

38. Visit the Historic Agra Fort

Travel to the historic Agra Fort, another UNESCO World Heritage Site located in India. This was the location that four of the mighty rulers from the Mughal dynasty ruled their enormous empire in the Indian Sub-Continent.

39. Learn about the Ancient Tea Gardens in Lava

Visit the ancient tea gardens and historic Buddhist monastery in Lava, India. The Dalai Lama, on his visit to Kalimpong in the year 1956 presented a set of rare manuscripts “Kangyur” of 108 volumes to the monastery.

40. Visit Dambulla Rock Temple

Explore the UNESCO World Heritage Site from the 1st century B.C. Dambulla Rock Temple is also known as the Golden Temple.  This still functional ancient edifice remains the best-preserved in Sri Lanka.

41. Visit Chefchaouen in Morocco

Walk the streets of Chefchaouen to visit the blue medina, observe the local life of Berber people and contemplate the Andalusian architecture which still persists today. 

Meet local teachers and students eager to exchange stories.  Assist with the school for garden beautification project then participate in bread making workshop.  This is the life of typical northern Morocco.

42. Buy Recycled Crafts & Jewelry in Jakarta

Watch local artisans utilize recycled materials to make crafts, jewelry and other household items in Jakarta, Indonesia.

43. Trek the Mindo Tropical Rain Forest in Ecuador

Venture into the heart of Ecuador’s Mindo Valley, where the enchanting Mindo Tropical Rain Forest, also known as the “Cloud Forest”.

Visit established environmental stations, where you’ll gain a deeper understanding of the rainforest’s delicate balance and the importance of conservation efforts. Witness the remarkable transformation of this ever-expanding forest, the only one of its kind in the world, and marvel at the power of nature’s resilience.

44. Kruger National Park in South Africa

Tour the amazing Kruger National Park in South Africa.  It is one of the greatest game reserves in the world; offering vast, unspoiled and beautiful wilderness.  See the world as it was thousands of years ago, the Big Five safari will not disappoint.

45. Experience the The Elephant Pilgrimage in Pinnawala

The Elephant Pilgrimage in Pinnawala has been designed for nature lovers.  10% of the world’s elephant population is concentrated on the small island of Sri Lanka.

46. Volunteer in Gorubathan, India

In Gorubathan, India, participate in various community awareness programs teaching on various subjects such as HIV/Aids, Human Trafficking, Child Labor, Drug Addiction, Medical/Eye Screening or other necessary community outreach. Learn more here .

47. Visit a Monkey Sanctuary in Honduras

Travel to the gorgeous island of Roatan, Honduras where eco-adventure awaits. Zipline through the jungle treetops, visit a monkey sanctuary and a farm for the protected black iguana, found only on Roatan.  Later dine like a local on green iguana, an island delicacy.

48. Volunteer in New Delhi

Volunteer in New Delhi, India visiting homes in the slums to see the lifestyle and culture as well as to interact directly with the villagers, share ideas and experiences to educate locals to improved living conditions. Learn more here .

49. Learn about Polynesian Cultural Heritage in Laie

Soak up Polynesian Cultural Heritage in Laie on the island of Oahu, Hawaii for the ultimate display of the cultures, diversity and spirit of the nations of Polynesia.

50. Tour Copenhagen by Bike

Go bicycling in Copenhagen, Denmark a city with a rich history of maritime industry, business, culture, and tourism.  This is It is perhaps the most environmentally conscious city on earth.

51. Visit the Ecuadorian Upper Amazon Basin

Travel back in time to the Ecuadorian Upper Amazon Basin.  The area is home to several indigenous nations such as Secoyas, Huaorani, Shuaras, Sionas, Cofanes and Quichuas, each one with its own characteristic features such as language, customs and own vision.

52. Spin the Globe and Live Your Passion

The only boundaries are your imagination!

Recommended Travel Resources

* World Nomads provides travel insurance for travelers in over 100 countries. As an affiliate, we receive a fee when you get a quote from World Nomads using this link. We do not represent World Nomads or any other travel insurance company. This is information only and not a recommendation to buy travel insurance.  

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Peru Issued a Decree Calling Trans Identity a ‘Disorder.’ A Backlash Followed.

Government officials say the regulation was intended to expand mental health care access for transgender people. Activists say it will increase discrimination.

By Genevieve Glatsky and Mitra Taj

Genevieve Glatsky reported from Bogotá, Colombia, and Mitra Taj from Lima, Peru.

The bulletin appeared without much fanfare in an official government newspaper in Peru that publishes new laws and regulations. Peruvian health officials say they had no idea the response it would trigger.

They say they wanted to expand access to privately insured mental health care for transgender Peruvians. So the government decree included language classifying transgender identity as a “mental health problem.”

But as news of the regulation filtered out, it provoked outrage among the country’s L.G.B.T.Q. population and advocates.

Many critics said the rule was another blow in a country where gay marriage and civil unions are illegal; transgender identity is not legally recognized; there is no legislation recognizing hate crimes; and trans Peruvians say they face widespread discrimination and violence.

“What they’re doing is labeling an entire community as sick,” said Cristian González Cabrera, who researches L.G.B.T.Q. rights in Latin America for Human Rights Watch.

But health officials said that the anger and backlash was the result of miscommunication and that they had not intended to offend trans people.

The Peruvian government this month added seven diagnostic codes from the World Health Organization’s medical classification system to a list of conditions in Peru that must be covered by private and public insurance.

But the law used language from an outdated version of the W.H.O.’s classification system that had listed “transsexualism” and “gender identity disorder” as “mental and behavioral disorders.”

A new version of W.H.O.’s system, put into effect in 2022, replaced those terms with “gender incongruence of adolescence and adulthood” and “gender incongruence of childhood” under a chapter titled, “Conditions Related to Sexual Health.”

The change, according to the W.H.O., was meant to reflect “current knowledge that trans-related and gender diverse identities are not conditions of mental ill-health, and that classifying them as such can cause enormous stigma.”

Peruvian health officials said in an interview that they were aware of the W.H.O.’s changes but were only now starting the process of adopting them and incorporating a new rule because of bureaucratic obstacles.

“It is a path that we have already started to walk,” said Henry Horna, the communications director for Peru’s Health Ministry, though officials did not say how long the process would take. So, for now, the current classification remains in place.

In response to the uproar, the ministry clarified in a statement that “gender and sexual diversity are not illnesses” and that it rejects discrimination.

Dr. Carlos Alvarado, the ministry’s health insurance director, said the regulation was intended to make it easier to bill insurers for treatment related to transgender identity.

“We did not expect the reaction, honestly,” he said.

“The problem has obviously arisen from a misinterpretation of the meaning of the rule,” Mr. Horna said. “The rules are written in legal language, in cold language, in technical language.”

But Leyla Huerta, a trans activist, said access to private insurance is irrelevant to most trans Peruvians because of discriminatory hiring practices by many private-sector employers.

She said that any benefits for the trans community were outweighed by the stigmatization from the language used in the government regulation.

Classifying transgender people as mentally ill, activists and experts say, could open the door to the promotion by some conservative groups of the widely discredited practice of conversion therapy, intended to change a person’s gender identity or sexual orientation.

But health officials noted previous government guidelines stating that transgender identity was not a mental illness and discouraging conversion therapy.

The current controversy is just one of the many struggles to expand gay and transgender rights and health care across Latin America, a region with high levels of violence against L.G.B.T.Q. people.

Still, even in such an environment, Peru stands out because its system of laws provides almost no rights for gay and transgender people, Mr. González said.

Same-sex marriage has been legal for years in other South American countries, like Brazil, Colombia, Chile, Argentina and Ecuador. “Peru is miles behind its South American neighbors,” Mr. González said.

The head of the Peruvian government’s human rights office, during testimony last year before the country’s Congress, referred to homosexuality as “deformities that must be corrected.”

And last year, a trans woman working as a prostitute was kidnapped and shot 30 times on the streets of Lima, a killing that was captured on video. One person has been arrested so far, but there has yet to be a trial.

The Peruvian government does not collect data on acts of bias or violence against transgender people.

But a study published in 2021 by a Peruvian human rights group, More Equality, found that among a sample of 323 L.G.B.T.Q. Peruvians, 83 percent said they had experienced some kind of verbal or physical abuse and 75 percent said they had been subject to discrimination.

The president of More Equality, Alexandra Hernández, a psychologist, said she believed that some Health Ministry officials had good intentions in issuing this rule, but failed to consult with experts on L.G.B.T.Q. mental health.

“They say it was beneficial for us,” said Gianna Camacho García, a trans activist and journalist. “Actually, it was a minimal benefit compared to how much we have to lose in other areas or aspects of life by calling us people with mental disorders.”